mtd: nand: move raw NAND related code to the raw/ subdir

As part of the process of sharing more code between different NAND
based devices, we need to move all raw NAND related code to the raw/
subdirectory.

Signed-off-by: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@bootlin.com>

1 files changed, 2392 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nandsim.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nandsim.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..44322a363ba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nandsim.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2392 @@
+/*
+ * NAND flash simulator.
+ *
+ * Author: Artem B. Bityuckiy <dedekind@oktetlabs.ru>, <dedekind@infradead.org>
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 Nokia Corporation
+ *
+ * Note: NS means "NAND Simulator".
+ * Note: Input means input TO flash chip, output means output FROM chip.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ * version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
+ * Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/rawnand.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/nand_bch.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+
+/* Default simulator parameters values */
+#if !defined(CONFIG_NANDSIM_FIRST_ID_BYTE)  || \
+    !defined(CONFIG_NANDSIM_SECOND_ID_BYTE) || \
+    !defined(CONFIG_NANDSIM_THIRD_ID_BYTE)  || \
+    !defined(CONFIG_NANDSIM_FOURTH_ID_BYTE)
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_FIRST_ID_BYTE  0x98
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_SECOND_ID_BYTE 0x39
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_THIRD_ID_BYTE  0xFF /* No byte */
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_FOURTH_ID_BYTE 0xFF /* No byte */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_ACCESS_DELAY
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_ACCESS_DELAY 25
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_PROGRAMM_DELAY
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_PROGRAMM_DELAY 200
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_ERASE_DELAY
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_ERASE_DELAY 2
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_OUTPUT_CYCLE
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_OUTPUT_CYCLE 40
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_INPUT_CYCLE
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_INPUT_CYCLE  50
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_BUS_WIDTH
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_BUS_WIDTH  8
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_DO_DELAYS
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_DO_DELAYS  0
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_LOG
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_LOG        0
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_DBG
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_DBG        0
+#endif
+#ifndef CONFIG_NANDSIM_MAX_PARTS
+#define CONFIG_NANDSIM_MAX_PARTS  32
+#endif
+
+static uint access_delay   = CONFIG_NANDSIM_ACCESS_DELAY;
+static uint programm_delay = CONFIG_NANDSIM_PROGRAMM_DELAY;
+static uint erase_delay    = CONFIG_NANDSIM_ERASE_DELAY;
+static uint output_cycle   = CONFIG_NANDSIM_OUTPUT_CYCLE;
+static uint input_cycle    = CONFIG_NANDSIM_INPUT_CYCLE;
+static uint bus_width      = CONFIG_NANDSIM_BUS_WIDTH;
+static uint do_delays      = CONFIG_NANDSIM_DO_DELAYS;
+static uint log            = CONFIG_NANDSIM_LOG;
+static uint dbg            = CONFIG_NANDSIM_DBG;
+static unsigned long parts[CONFIG_NANDSIM_MAX_PARTS];
+static unsigned int parts_num;
+static char *badblocks = NULL;
+static char *weakblocks = NULL;
+static char *weakpages = NULL;
+static unsigned int bitflips = 0;
+static char *gravepages = NULL;
+static unsigned int overridesize = 0;
+static char *cache_file = NULL;
+static unsigned int bbt;
+static unsigned int bch;
+static u_char id_bytes[8] = {
+	[0] = CONFIG_NANDSIM_FIRST_ID_BYTE,
+	[1] = CONFIG_NANDSIM_SECOND_ID_BYTE,
+	[2] = CONFIG_NANDSIM_THIRD_ID_BYTE,
+	[3] = CONFIG_NANDSIM_FOURTH_ID_BYTE,
+	[4 ... 7] = 0xFF,
+};
+
+module_param_array(id_bytes, byte, NULL, 0400);
+module_param_named(first_id_byte, id_bytes[0], byte, 0400);
+module_param_named(second_id_byte, id_bytes[1], byte, 0400);
+module_param_named(third_id_byte, id_bytes[2], byte, 0400);
+module_param_named(fourth_id_byte, id_bytes[3], byte, 0400);
+module_param(access_delay,   uint, 0400);
+module_param(programm_delay, uint, 0400);
+module_param(erase_delay,    uint, 0400);
+module_param(output_cycle,   uint, 0400);
+module_param(input_cycle,    uint, 0400);
+module_param(bus_width,      uint, 0400);
+module_param(do_delays,      uint, 0400);
+module_param(log,            uint, 0400);
+module_param(dbg,            uint, 0400);
+module_param_array(parts, ulong, &parts_num, 0400);
+module_param(badblocks,      charp, 0400);
+module_param(weakblocks,     charp, 0400);
+module_param(weakpages,      charp, 0400);
+module_param(bitflips,       uint, 0400);
+module_param(gravepages,     charp, 0400);
+module_param(overridesize,   uint, 0400);
+module_param(cache_file,     charp, 0400);
+module_param(bbt,	     uint, 0400);
+module_param(bch,	     uint, 0400);
+
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id_bytes,       "The ID bytes returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(first_id_byte,  "The first byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (manufacturer ID) (obsolete)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(second_id_byte, "The second byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (chip ID) (obsolete)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(third_id_byte,  "The third byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (obsolete)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fourth_id_byte, "The fourth byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (obsolete)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(access_delay,   "Initial page access delay (microseconds)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(programm_delay, "Page programm delay (microseconds");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(erase_delay,    "Sector erase delay (milliseconds)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(output_cycle,   "Word output (from flash) time (nanoseconds)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(input_cycle,    "Word input (to flash) time (nanoseconds)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(bus_width,      "Chip's bus width (8- or 16-bit)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(do_delays,      "Simulate NAND delays using busy-waits if not zero");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(log,            "Perform logging if not zero");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dbg,            "Output debug information if not zero");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(parts,          "Partition sizes (in erase blocks) separated by commas");
+/* Page and erase block positions for the following parameters are independent of any partitions */
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(badblocks,      "Erase blocks that are initially marked bad, separated by commas");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(weakblocks,     "Weak erase blocks [: remaining erase cycles (defaults to 3)]"
+				 " separated by commas e.g. 113:2 means eb 113"
+				 " can be erased only twice before failing");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(weakpages,      "Weak pages [: maximum writes (defaults to 3)]"
+				 " separated by commas e.g. 1401:2 means page 1401"
+				 " can be written only twice before failing");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(bitflips,       "Maximum number of random bit flips per page (zero by default)");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(gravepages,     "Pages that lose data [: maximum reads (defaults to 3)]"
+				 " separated by commas e.g. 1401:2 means page 1401"
+				 " can be read only twice before failing");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(overridesize,   "Specifies the NAND Flash size overriding the ID bytes. "
+				 "The size is specified in erase blocks and as the exponent of a power of two"
+				 " e.g. 5 means a size of 32 erase blocks");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cache_file,     "File to use to cache nand pages instead of memory");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(bbt,		 "0 OOB, 1 BBT with marker in OOB, 2 BBT with marker in data area");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(bch,		 "Enable BCH ecc and set how many bits should "
+				 "be correctable in 512-byte blocks");
+
+/* The largest possible page size */
+#define NS_LARGEST_PAGE_SIZE	4096
+
+/* The prefix for simulator output */
+#define NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX "[nandsim]"
+
+/* Simulator's output macros (logging, debugging, warning, error) */
+#define NS_LOG(args...) \
+	do { if (log) printk(KERN_DEBUG NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX " log: " args); } while(0)
+#define NS_DBG(args...) \
+	do { if (dbg) printk(KERN_DEBUG NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX " debug: " args); } while(0)
+#define NS_WARN(args...) \
+	do { printk(KERN_WARNING NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX " warning: " args); } while(0)
+#define NS_ERR(args...) \
+	do { printk(KERN_ERR NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX " error: " args); } while(0)
+#define NS_INFO(args...) \
+	do { printk(KERN_INFO NS_OUTPUT_PREFIX " " args); } while(0)
+
+/* Busy-wait delay macros (microseconds, milliseconds) */
+#define NS_UDELAY(us) \
+        do { if (do_delays) udelay(us); } while(0)
+#define NS_MDELAY(us) \
+        do { if (do_delays) mdelay(us); } while(0)
+
+/* Is the nandsim structure initialized ? */
+#define NS_IS_INITIALIZED(ns) ((ns)->geom.totsz != 0)
+
+/* Good operation completion status */
+#define NS_STATUS_OK(ns) (NAND_STATUS_READY | (NAND_STATUS_WP * ((ns)->lines.wp == 0)))
+
+/* Operation failed completion status */
+#define NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns) (NAND_STATUS_FAIL | NS_STATUS_OK(ns))
+
+/* Calculate the page offset in flash RAM image by (row, column) address */
+#define NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) \
+	(((ns)->regs.row * (ns)->geom.pgszoob) + (ns)->regs.column)
+
+/* Calculate the OOB offset in flash RAM image by (row, column) address */
+#define NS_RAW_OFFSET_OOB(ns) (NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->geom.pgsz)
+
+/* After a command is input, the simulator goes to one of the following states */
+#define STATE_CMD_READ0        0x00000001 /* read data from the beginning of page */
+#define STATE_CMD_READ1        0x00000002 /* read data from the second half of page */
+#define STATE_CMD_READSTART    0x00000003 /* read data second command (large page devices) */
+#define STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG     0x00000004 /* start page program */
+#define STATE_CMD_READOOB      0x00000005 /* read OOB area */
+#define STATE_CMD_ERASE1       0x00000006 /* sector erase first command */
+#define STATE_CMD_STATUS       0x00000007 /* read status */
+#define STATE_CMD_SEQIN        0x00000009 /* sequential data input */
+#define STATE_CMD_READID       0x0000000A /* read ID */
+#define STATE_CMD_ERASE2       0x0000000B /* sector erase second command */
+#define STATE_CMD_RESET        0x0000000C /* reset */
+#define STATE_CMD_RNDOUT       0x0000000D /* random output command */
+#define STATE_CMD_RNDOUTSTART  0x0000000E /* random output start command */
+#define STATE_CMD_MASK         0x0000000F /* command states mask */
+
+/* After an address is input, the simulator goes to one of these states */
+#define STATE_ADDR_PAGE        0x00000010 /* full (row, column) address is accepted */
+#define STATE_ADDR_SEC         0x00000020 /* sector address was accepted */
+#define STATE_ADDR_COLUMN      0x00000030 /* column address was accepted */
+#define STATE_ADDR_ZERO        0x00000040 /* one byte zero address was accepted */
+#define STATE_ADDR_MASK        0x00000070 /* address states mask */
+
+/* During data input/output the simulator is in these states */
+#define STATE_DATAIN           0x00000100 /* waiting for data input */
+#define STATE_DATAIN_MASK      0x00000100 /* data input states mask */
+
+#define STATE_DATAOUT          0x00001000 /* waiting for page data output */
+#define STATE_DATAOUT_ID       0x00002000 /* waiting for ID bytes output */
+#define STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS   0x00003000 /* waiting for status output */
+#define STATE_DATAOUT_MASK     0x00007000 /* data output states mask */
+
+/* Previous operation is done, ready to accept new requests */
+#define STATE_READY            0x00000000
+
+/* This state is used to mark that the next state isn't known yet */
+#define STATE_UNKNOWN          0x10000000
+
+/* Simulator's actions bit masks */
+#define ACTION_CPY       0x00100000 /* copy page/OOB to the internal buffer */
+#define ACTION_PRGPAGE   0x00200000 /* program the internal buffer to flash */
+#define ACTION_SECERASE  0x00300000 /* erase sector */
+#define ACTION_ZEROOFF   0x00400000 /* don't add any offset to address */
+#define ACTION_HALFOFF   0x00500000 /* add to address half of page */
+#define ACTION_OOBOFF    0x00600000 /* add to address OOB offset */
+#define ACTION_MASK      0x00700000 /* action mask */
+
+#define NS_OPER_NUM      13 /* Number of operations supported by the simulator */
+#define NS_OPER_STATES   6  /* Maximum number of states in operation */
+
+#define OPT_ANY          0xFFFFFFFF /* any chip supports this operation */
+#define OPT_PAGE512      0x00000002 /* 512-byte  page chips */
+#define OPT_PAGE2048     0x00000008 /* 2048-byte page chips */
+#define OPT_PAGE512_8BIT 0x00000040 /* 512-byte page chips with 8-bit bus width */
+#define OPT_PAGE4096     0x00000080 /* 4096-byte page chips */
+#define OPT_LARGEPAGE    (OPT_PAGE2048 | OPT_PAGE4096) /* 2048 & 4096-byte page chips */
+#define OPT_SMALLPAGE    (OPT_PAGE512) /* 512-byte page chips */
+
+/* Remove action bits from state */
+#define NS_STATE(x) ((x) & ~ACTION_MASK)
+
+/*
+ * Maximum previous states which need to be saved. Currently saving is
+ * only needed for page program operation with preceded read command
+ * (which is only valid for 512-byte pages).
+ */
+#define NS_MAX_PREVSTATES 1
+
+/* Maximum page cache pages needed to read or write a NAND page to the cache_file */
+#define NS_MAX_HELD_PAGES 16
+
+/*
+ * A union to represent flash memory contents and flash buffer.
+ */
+union ns_mem {
+	u_char *byte;    /* for byte access */
+	uint16_t *word;  /* for 16-bit word access */
+};
+
+/*
+ * The structure which describes all the internal simulator data.
+ */
+struct nandsim {
+	struct mtd_partition partitions[CONFIG_NANDSIM_MAX_PARTS];
+	unsigned int nbparts;
+
+	uint busw;              /* flash chip bus width (8 or 16) */
+	u_char ids[8];          /* chip's ID bytes */
+	uint32_t options;       /* chip's characteristic bits */
+	uint32_t state;         /* current chip state */
+	uint32_t nxstate;       /* next expected state */
+
+	uint32_t *op;           /* current operation, NULL operations isn't known yet  */
+	uint32_t pstates[NS_MAX_PREVSTATES]; /* previous states */
+	uint16_t npstates;      /* number of previous states saved */
+	uint16_t stateidx;      /* current state index */
+
+	/* The simulated NAND flash pages array */
+	union ns_mem *pages;
+
+	/* Slab allocator for nand pages */
+	struct kmem_cache *nand_pages_slab;
+
+	/* Internal buffer of page + OOB size bytes */
+	union ns_mem buf;
+
+	/* NAND flash "geometry" */
+	struct {
+		uint64_t totsz;     /* total flash size, bytes */
+		uint32_t secsz;     /* flash sector (erase block) size, bytes */
+		uint pgsz;          /* NAND flash page size, bytes */
+		uint oobsz;         /* page OOB area size, bytes */
+		uint64_t totszoob;  /* total flash size including OOB, bytes */
+		uint pgszoob;       /* page size including OOB , bytes*/
+		uint secszoob;      /* sector size including OOB, bytes */
+		uint pgnum;         /* total number of pages */
+		uint pgsec;         /* number of pages per sector */
+		uint secshift;      /* bits number in sector size */
+		uint pgshift;       /* bits number in page size */
+		uint pgaddrbytes;   /* bytes per page address */
+		uint secaddrbytes;  /* bytes per sector address */
+		uint idbytes;       /* the number ID bytes that this chip outputs */
+	} geom;
+
+	/* NAND flash internal registers */
+	struct {
+		unsigned command; /* the command register */
+		u_char   status;  /* the status register */
+		uint     row;     /* the page number */
+		uint     column;  /* the offset within page */
+		uint     count;   /* internal counter */
+		uint     num;     /* number of bytes which must be processed */
+		uint     off;     /* fixed page offset */
+	} regs;
+
+	/* NAND flash lines state */
+        struct {
+                int ce;  /* chip Enable */
+                int cle; /* command Latch Enable */
+                int ale; /* address Latch Enable */
+                int wp;  /* write Protect */
+        } lines;
+
+	/* Fields needed when using a cache file */
+	struct file *cfile; /* Open file */
+	unsigned long *pages_written; /* Which pages have been written */
+	void *file_buf;
+	struct page *held_pages[NS_MAX_HELD_PAGES];
+	int held_cnt;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Operations array. To perform any operation the simulator must pass
+ * through the correspondent states chain.
+ */
+static struct nandsim_operations {
+	uint32_t reqopts;  /* options which are required to perform the operation */
+	uint32_t states[NS_OPER_STATES]; /* operation's states */
+} ops[NS_OPER_NUM] = {
+	/* Read page + OOB from the beginning */
+	{OPT_SMALLPAGE, {STATE_CMD_READ0 | ACTION_ZEROOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE | ACTION_CPY,
+			STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Read page + OOB from the second half */
+	{OPT_PAGE512_8BIT, {STATE_CMD_READ1 | ACTION_HALFOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE | ACTION_CPY,
+			STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Read OOB */
+	{OPT_SMALLPAGE, {STATE_CMD_READOOB | ACTION_OOBOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE | ACTION_CPY,
+			STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Program page starting from the beginning */
+	{OPT_ANY, {STATE_CMD_SEQIN, STATE_ADDR_PAGE, STATE_DATAIN,
+			STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG | ACTION_PRGPAGE, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Program page starting from the beginning */
+	{OPT_SMALLPAGE, {STATE_CMD_READ0, STATE_CMD_SEQIN | ACTION_ZEROOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE,
+			      STATE_DATAIN, STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG | ACTION_PRGPAGE, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Program page starting from the second half */
+	{OPT_PAGE512, {STATE_CMD_READ1, STATE_CMD_SEQIN | ACTION_HALFOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE,
+			      STATE_DATAIN, STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG | ACTION_PRGPAGE, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Program OOB */
+	{OPT_SMALLPAGE, {STATE_CMD_READOOB, STATE_CMD_SEQIN | ACTION_OOBOFF, STATE_ADDR_PAGE,
+			      STATE_DATAIN, STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG | ACTION_PRGPAGE, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Erase sector */
+	{OPT_ANY, {STATE_CMD_ERASE1, STATE_ADDR_SEC, STATE_CMD_ERASE2 | ACTION_SECERASE, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Read status */
+	{OPT_ANY, {STATE_CMD_STATUS, STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Read ID */
+	{OPT_ANY, {STATE_CMD_READID, STATE_ADDR_ZERO, STATE_DATAOUT_ID, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Large page devices read page */
+	{OPT_LARGEPAGE, {STATE_CMD_READ0, STATE_ADDR_PAGE, STATE_CMD_READSTART | ACTION_CPY,
+			       STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}},
+	/* Large page devices random page read */
+	{OPT_LARGEPAGE, {STATE_CMD_RNDOUT, STATE_ADDR_COLUMN, STATE_CMD_RNDOUTSTART | ACTION_CPY,
+			       STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}},
+};
+
+struct weak_block {
+	struct list_head list;
+	unsigned int erase_block_no;
+	unsigned int max_erases;
+	unsigned int erases_done;
+};
+
+static LIST_HEAD(weak_blocks);
+
+struct weak_page {
+	struct list_head list;
+	unsigned int page_no;
+	unsigned int max_writes;
+	unsigned int writes_done;
+};
+
+static LIST_HEAD(weak_pages);
+
+struct grave_page {
+	struct list_head list;
+	unsigned int page_no;
+	unsigned int max_reads;
+	unsigned int reads_done;
+};
+
+static LIST_HEAD(grave_pages);
+
+static unsigned long *erase_block_wear = NULL;
+static unsigned int wear_eb_count = 0;
+static unsigned long total_wear = 0;
+
+/* MTD structure for NAND controller */
+static struct mtd_info *nsmtd;
+
+static int nandsim_debugfs_show(struct seq_file *m, void *private)
+{
+	unsigned long wmin = -1, wmax = 0, avg;
+	unsigned long deciles[10], decile_max[10], tot = 0;
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	/* Calc wear stats */
+	for (i = 0; i < wear_eb_count; ++i) {
+		unsigned long wear = erase_block_wear[i];
+		if (wear < wmin)
+			wmin = wear;
+		if (wear > wmax)
+			wmax = wear;
+		tot += wear;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
+		deciles[i] = 0;
+		decile_max[i] = (wmax * (i + 1) + 5) / 10;
+	}
+	deciles[9] = 0;
+	decile_max[9] = wmax;
+	for (i = 0; i < wear_eb_count; ++i) {
+		int d;
+		unsigned long wear = erase_block_wear[i];
+		for (d = 0; d < 10; ++d)
+			if (wear <= decile_max[d]) {
+				deciles[d] += 1;
+				break;
+			}
+	}
+	avg = tot / wear_eb_count;
+
+	/* Output wear report */
+	seq_printf(m, "Total numbers of erases:  %lu\n", tot);
+	seq_printf(m, "Number of erase blocks:   %u\n", wear_eb_count);
+	seq_printf(m, "Average number of erases: %lu\n", avg);
+	seq_printf(m, "Maximum number of erases: %lu\n", wmax);
+	seq_printf(m, "Minimum number of erases: %lu\n", wmin);
+	for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+		unsigned long from = (i ? decile_max[i - 1] + 1 : 0);
+		if (from > decile_max[i])
+			continue;
+		seq_printf(m, "Number of ebs with erase counts from %lu to %lu : %lu\n",
+			from,
+			decile_max[i],
+			deciles[i]);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nandsim_debugfs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	return single_open(file, nandsim_debugfs_show, inode->i_private);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations dfs_fops = {
+	.open		= nandsim_debugfs_open,
+	.read		= seq_read,
+	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
+	.release	= single_release,
+};
+
+/**
+ * nandsim_debugfs_create - initialize debugfs
+ * @dev: nandsim device description object
+ *
+ * This function creates all debugfs files for UBI device @ubi. Returns zero in
+ * case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int nandsim_debugfs_create(struct nandsim *dev)
+{
+	struct dentry *root = nsmtd->dbg.dfs_dir;
+	struct dentry *dent;
+
+	/*
+	 * Just skip debugfs initialization when the debugfs directory is
+	 * missing.
+	 */
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(root)) {
+		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) &&
+		    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER))
+			NS_WARN("CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER must be enabled to expose debugfs stuff\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dent = debugfs_create_file("nandsim_wear_report", S_IRUSR,
+				   root, dev, &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent)) {
+		NS_ERR("cannot create \"nandsim_wear_report\" debugfs entry\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate array of page pointers, create slab allocation for an array
+ * and initialize the array by NULL pointers.
+ *
+ * RETURNS: 0 if success, -ENOMEM if memory alloc fails.
+ */
+static int __init alloc_device(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	struct file *cfile;
+	int i, err;
+
+	if (cache_file) {
+		cfile = filp_open(cache_file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE, 0600);
+		if (IS_ERR(cfile))
+			return PTR_ERR(cfile);
+		if (!(cfile->f_mode & FMODE_CAN_READ)) {
+			NS_ERR("alloc_device: cache file not readable\n");
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto err_close;
+		}
+		if (!(cfile->f_mode & FMODE_CAN_WRITE)) {
+			NS_ERR("alloc_device: cache file not writeable\n");
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto err_close;
+		}
+		ns->pages_written = vzalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(ns->geom.pgnum) *
+					    sizeof(unsigned long));
+		if (!ns->pages_written) {
+			NS_ERR("alloc_device: unable to allocate pages written array\n");
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err_close;
+		}
+		ns->file_buf = kmalloc(ns->geom.pgszoob, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!ns->file_buf) {
+			NS_ERR("alloc_device: unable to allocate file buf\n");
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err_free;
+		}
+		ns->cfile = cfile;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ns->pages = vmalloc(ns->geom.pgnum * sizeof(union ns_mem));
+	if (!ns->pages) {
+		NS_ERR("alloc_device: unable to allocate page array\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ns->geom.pgnum; i++) {
+		ns->pages[i].byte = NULL;
+	}
+	ns->nand_pages_slab = kmem_cache_create("nandsim",
+						ns->geom.pgszoob, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (!ns->nand_pages_slab) {
+		NS_ERR("cache_create: unable to create kmem_cache\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+err_free:
+	vfree(ns->pages_written);
+err_close:
+	filp_close(cfile, NULL);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free any allocated pages, and free the array of page pointers.
+ */
+static void free_device(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (ns->cfile) {
+		kfree(ns->file_buf);
+		vfree(ns->pages_written);
+		filp_close(ns->cfile, NULL);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (ns->pages) {
+		for (i = 0; i < ns->geom.pgnum; i++) {
+			if (ns->pages[i].byte)
+				kmem_cache_free(ns->nand_pages_slab,
+						ns->pages[i].byte);
+		}
+		kmem_cache_destroy(ns->nand_pages_slab);
+		vfree(ns->pages);
+	}
+}
+
+static char __init *get_partition_name(int i)
+{
+	return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "NAND simulator partition %d", i);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the nandsim structure.
+ *
+ * RETURNS: 0 if success, -ERRNO if failure.
+ */
+static int __init init_nandsim(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim   *ns   = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+	int i, ret = 0;
+	uint64_t remains;
+	uint64_t next_offset;
+
+	if (NS_IS_INITIALIZED(ns)) {
+		NS_ERR("init_nandsim: nandsim is already initialized\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	/* Force mtd to not do delays */
+	chip->chip_delay = 0;
+
+	/* Initialize the NAND flash parameters */
+	ns->busw = chip->options & NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 ? 16 : 8;
+	ns->geom.totsz    = mtd->size;
+	ns->geom.pgsz     = mtd->writesize;
+	ns->geom.oobsz    = mtd->oobsize;
+	ns->geom.secsz    = mtd->erasesize;
+	ns->geom.pgszoob  = ns->geom.pgsz + ns->geom.oobsz;
+	ns->geom.pgnum    = div_u64(ns->geom.totsz, ns->geom.pgsz);
+	ns->geom.totszoob = ns->geom.totsz + (uint64_t)ns->geom.pgnum * ns->geom.oobsz;
+	ns->geom.secshift = ffs(ns->geom.secsz) - 1;
+	ns->geom.pgshift  = chip->page_shift;
+	ns->geom.pgsec    = ns->geom.secsz / ns->geom.pgsz;
+	ns->geom.secszoob = ns->geom.secsz + ns->geom.oobsz * ns->geom.pgsec;
+	ns->options = 0;
+
+	if (ns->geom.pgsz == 512) {
+		ns->options |= OPT_PAGE512;
+		if (ns->busw == 8)
+			ns->options |= OPT_PAGE512_8BIT;
+	} else if (ns->geom.pgsz == 2048) {
+		ns->options |= OPT_PAGE2048;
+	} else if (ns->geom.pgsz == 4096) {
+		ns->options |= OPT_PAGE4096;
+	} else {
+		NS_ERR("init_nandsim: unknown page size %u\n", ns->geom.pgsz);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (ns->options & OPT_SMALLPAGE) {
+		if (ns->geom.totsz <= (32 << 20)) {
+			ns->geom.pgaddrbytes  = 3;
+			ns->geom.secaddrbytes = 2;
+		} else {
+			ns->geom.pgaddrbytes  = 4;
+			ns->geom.secaddrbytes = 3;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (ns->geom.totsz <= (128 << 20)) {
+			ns->geom.pgaddrbytes  = 4;
+			ns->geom.secaddrbytes = 2;
+		} else {
+			ns->geom.pgaddrbytes  = 5;
+			ns->geom.secaddrbytes = 3;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Fill the partition_info structure */
+	if (parts_num > ARRAY_SIZE(ns->partitions)) {
+		NS_ERR("too many partitions.\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	remains = ns->geom.totsz;
+	next_offset = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < parts_num; ++i) {
+		uint64_t part_sz = (uint64_t)parts[i] * ns->geom.secsz;
+
+		if (!part_sz || part_sz > remains) {
+			NS_ERR("bad partition size.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		ns->partitions[i].name   = get_partition_name(i);
+		if (!ns->partitions[i].name) {
+			NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		ns->partitions[i].offset = next_offset;
+		ns->partitions[i].size   = part_sz;
+		next_offset += ns->partitions[i].size;
+		remains -= ns->partitions[i].size;
+	}
+	ns->nbparts = parts_num;
+	if (remains) {
+		if (parts_num + 1 > ARRAY_SIZE(ns->partitions)) {
+			NS_ERR("too many partitions.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		ns->partitions[i].name   = get_partition_name(i);
+		if (!ns->partitions[i].name) {
+			NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		ns->partitions[i].offset = next_offset;
+		ns->partitions[i].size   = remains;
+		ns->nbparts += 1;
+	}
+
+	if (ns->busw == 16)
+		NS_WARN("16-bit flashes support wasn't tested\n");
+
+	printk("flash size: %llu MiB\n",
+			(unsigned long long)ns->geom.totsz >> 20);
+	printk("page size: %u bytes\n",         ns->geom.pgsz);
+	printk("OOB area size: %u bytes\n",     ns->geom.oobsz);
+	printk("sector size: %u KiB\n",         ns->geom.secsz >> 10);
+	printk("pages number: %u\n",            ns->geom.pgnum);
+	printk("pages per sector: %u\n",        ns->geom.pgsec);
+	printk("bus width: %u\n",               ns->busw);
+	printk("bits in sector size: %u\n",     ns->geom.secshift);
+	printk("bits in page size: %u\n",       ns->geom.pgshift);
+	printk("bits in OOB size: %u\n",	ffs(ns->geom.oobsz) - 1);
+	printk("flash size with OOB: %llu KiB\n",
+			(unsigned long long)ns->geom.totszoob >> 10);
+	printk("page address bytes: %u\n",      ns->geom.pgaddrbytes);
+	printk("sector address bytes: %u\n",    ns->geom.secaddrbytes);
+	printk("options: %#x\n",                ns->options);
+
+	if ((ret = alloc_device(ns)) != 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Allocate / initialize the internal buffer */
+	ns->buf.byte = kmalloc(ns->geom.pgszoob, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ns->buf.byte) {
+		NS_ERR("init_nandsim: unable to allocate %u bytes for the internal buffer\n",
+			ns->geom.pgszoob);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	memset(ns->buf.byte, 0xFF, ns->geom.pgszoob);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free the nandsim structure.
+ */
+static void free_nandsim(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	kfree(ns->buf.byte);
+	free_device(ns);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+static int parse_badblocks(struct nandsim *ns, struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	char *w;
+	int zero_ok;
+	unsigned int erase_block_no;
+	loff_t offset;
+
+	if (!badblocks)
+		return 0;
+	w = badblocks;
+	do {
+		zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
+		erase_block_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
+		if (!zero_ok && !erase_block_no) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid badblocks.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		offset = (loff_t)erase_block_no * ns->geom.secsz;
+		if (mtd_block_markbad(mtd, offset)) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid badblocks.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (*w == ',')
+			w += 1;
+	} while (*w);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_weakblocks(void)
+{
+	char *w;
+	int zero_ok;
+	unsigned int erase_block_no;
+	unsigned int max_erases;
+	struct weak_block *wb;
+
+	if (!weakblocks)
+		return 0;
+	w = weakblocks;
+	do {
+		zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
+		erase_block_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
+		if (!zero_ok && !erase_block_no) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid weakblocks.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		max_erases = 3;
+		if (*w == ':') {
+			w += 1;
+			max_erases = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
+		}
+		if (*w == ',')
+			w += 1;
+		wb = kzalloc(sizeof(*wb), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!wb) {
+			NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		wb->erase_block_no = erase_block_no;
+		wb->max_erases = max_erases;
+		list_add(&wb->list, &weak_blocks);
+	} while (*w);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int erase_error(unsigned int erase_block_no)
+{
+	struct weak_block *wb;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(wb, &weak_blocks, list)
+		if (wb->erase_block_no == erase_block_no) {
+			if (wb->erases_done >= wb->max_erases)
+				return 1;
+			wb->erases_done += 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_weakpages(void)
+{
+	char *w;
+	int zero_ok;
+	unsigned int page_no;
+	unsigned int max_writes;
+	struct weak_page *wp;
+
+	if (!weakpages)
+		return 0;
+	w = weakpages;
+	do {
+		zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
+		page_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
+		if (!zero_ok && !page_no) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid weakpages.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		max_writes = 3;
+		if (*w == ':') {
+			w += 1;
+			max_writes = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
+		}
+		if (*w == ',')
+			w += 1;
+		wp = kzalloc(sizeof(*wp), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!wp) {
+			NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		wp->page_no = page_no;
+		wp->max_writes = max_writes;
+		list_add(&wp->list, &weak_pages);
+	} while (*w);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_error(unsigned int page_no)
+{
+	struct weak_page *wp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(wp, &weak_pages, list)
+		if (wp->page_no == page_no) {
+			if (wp->writes_done >= wp->max_writes)
+				return 1;
+			wp->writes_done += 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_gravepages(void)
+{
+	char *g;
+	int zero_ok;
+	unsigned int page_no;
+	unsigned int max_reads;
+	struct grave_page *gp;
+
+	if (!gravepages)
+		return 0;
+	g = gravepages;
+	do {
+		zero_ok = (*g == '0' ? 1 : 0);
+		page_no = simple_strtoul(g, &g, 0);
+		if (!zero_ok && !page_no) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid gravepagess.\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		max_reads = 3;
+		if (*g == ':') {
+			g += 1;
+			max_reads = simple_strtoul(g, &g, 0);
+		}
+		if (*g == ',')
+			g += 1;
+		gp = kzalloc(sizeof(*gp), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!gp) {
+			NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		gp->page_no = page_no;
+		gp->max_reads = max_reads;
+		list_add(&gp->list, &grave_pages);
+	} while (*g);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_error(unsigned int page_no)
+{
+	struct grave_page *gp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(gp, &grave_pages, list)
+		if (gp->page_no == page_no) {
+			if (gp->reads_done >= gp->max_reads)
+				return 1;
+			gp->reads_done += 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void free_lists(void)
+{
+	struct list_head *pos, *n;
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &weak_blocks) {
+		list_del(pos);
+		kfree(list_entry(pos, struct weak_block, list));
+	}
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &weak_pages) {
+		list_del(pos);
+		kfree(list_entry(pos, struct weak_page, list));
+	}
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &grave_pages) {
+		list_del(pos);
+		kfree(list_entry(pos, struct grave_page, list));
+	}
+	kfree(erase_block_wear);
+}
+
+static int setup_wear_reporting(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	size_t mem;
+
+	wear_eb_count = div_u64(mtd->size, mtd->erasesize);
+	mem = wear_eb_count * sizeof(unsigned long);
+	if (mem / sizeof(unsigned long) != wear_eb_count) {
+		NS_ERR("Too many erase blocks for wear reporting\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	erase_block_wear = kzalloc(mem, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!erase_block_wear) {
+		NS_ERR("Too many erase blocks for wear reporting\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void update_wear(unsigned int erase_block_no)
+{
+	if (!erase_block_wear)
+		return;
+	total_wear += 1;
+	/*
+	 * TODO: Notify this through a debugfs entry,
+	 * instead of showing an error message.
+	 */
+	if (total_wear == 0)
+		NS_ERR("Erase counter total overflow\n");
+	erase_block_wear[erase_block_no] += 1;
+	if (erase_block_wear[erase_block_no] == 0)
+		NS_ERR("Erase counter overflow for erase block %u\n", erase_block_no);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the string representation of 'state' state.
+ */
+static char *get_state_name(uint32_t state)
+{
+	switch (NS_STATE(state)) {
+		case STATE_CMD_READ0:
+			return "STATE_CMD_READ0";
+		case STATE_CMD_READ1:
+			return "STATE_CMD_READ1";
+		case STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG:
+			return "STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG";
+		case STATE_CMD_READOOB:
+			return "STATE_CMD_READOOB";
+		case STATE_CMD_READSTART:
+			return "STATE_CMD_READSTART";
+		case STATE_CMD_ERASE1:
+			return "STATE_CMD_ERASE1";
+		case STATE_CMD_STATUS:
+			return "STATE_CMD_STATUS";
+		case STATE_CMD_SEQIN:
+			return "STATE_CMD_SEQIN";
+		case STATE_CMD_READID:
+			return "STATE_CMD_READID";
+		case STATE_CMD_ERASE2:
+			return "STATE_CMD_ERASE2";
+		case STATE_CMD_RESET:
+			return "STATE_CMD_RESET";
+		case STATE_CMD_RNDOUT:
+			return "STATE_CMD_RNDOUT";
+		case STATE_CMD_RNDOUTSTART:
+			return "STATE_CMD_RNDOUTSTART";
+		case STATE_ADDR_PAGE:
+			return "STATE_ADDR_PAGE";
+		case STATE_ADDR_SEC:
+			return "STATE_ADDR_SEC";
+		case STATE_ADDR_ZERO:
+			return "STATE_ADDR_ZERO";
+		case STATE_ADDR_COLUMN:
+			return "STATE_ADDR_COLUMN";
+		case STATE_DATAIN:
+			return "STATE_DATAIN";
+		case STATE_DATAOUT:
+			return "STATE_DATAOUT";
+		case STATE_DATAOUT_ID:
+			return "STATE_DATAOUT_ID";
+		case STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS:
+			return "STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS";
+		case STATE_READY:
+			return "STATE_READY";
+		case STATE_UNKNOWN:
+			return "STATE_UNKNOWN";
+	}
+
+	NS_ERR("get_state_name: unknown state, BUG\n");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if command is valid.
+ *
+ * RETURNS: 1 if wrong command, 0 if right.
+ */
+static int check_command(int cmd)
+{
+	switch (cmd) {
+
+	case NAND_CMD_READ0:
+	case NAND_CMD_READ1:
+	case NAND_CMD_READSTART:
+	case NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG:
+	case NAND_CMD_READOOB:
+	case NAND_CMD_ERASE1:
+	case NAND_CMD_STATUS:
+	case NAND_CMD_SEQIN:
+	case NAND_CMD_READID:
+	case NAND_CMD_ERASE2:
+	case NAND_CMD_RESET:
+	case NAND_CMD_RNDOUT:
+	case NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART:
+		return 0;
+
+	default:
+		return 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns state after command is accepted by command number.
+ */
+static uint32_t get_state_by_command(unsigned command)
+{
+	switch (command) {
+		case NAND_CMD_READ0:
+			return STATE_CMD_READ0;
+		case NAND_CMD_READ1:
+			return STATE_CMD_READ1;
+		case NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG:
+			return STATE_CMD_PAGEPROG;
+		case NAND_CMD_READSTART:
+			return STATE_CMD_READSTART;
+		case NAND_CMD_READOOB:
+			return STATE_CMD_READOOB;
+		case NAND_CMD_ERASE1:
+			return STATE_CMD_ERASE1;
+		case NAND_CMD_STATUS:
+			return STATE_CMD_STATUS;
+		case NAND_CMD_SEQIN:
+			return STATE_CMD_SEQIN;
+		case NAND_CMD_READID:
+			return STATE_CMD_READID;
+		case NAND_CMD_ERASE2:
+			return STATE_CMD_ERASE2;
+		case NAND_CMD_RESET:
+			return STATE_CMD_RESET;
+		case NAND_CMD_RNDOUT:
+			return STATE_CMD_RNDOUT;
+		case NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART:
+			return STATE_CMD_RNDOUTSTART;
+	}
+
+	NS_ERR("get_state_by_command: unknown command, BUG\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move an address byte to the correspondent internal register.
+ */
+static inline void accept_addr_byte(struct nandsim *ns, u_char bt)
+{
+	uint byte = (uint)bt;
+
+	if (ns->regs.count < (ns->geom.pgaddrbytes - ns->geom.secaddrbytes))
+		ns->regs.column |= (byte << 8 * ns->regs.count);
+	else {
+		ns->regs.row |= (byte << 8 * (ns->regs.count -
+						ns->geom.pgaddrbytes +
+						ns->geom.secaddrbytes));
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Switch to STATE_READY state.
+ */
+static inline void switch_to_ready_state(struct nandsim *ns, u_char status)
+{
+	NS_DBG("switch_to_ready_state: switch to %s state\n", get_state_name(STATE_READY));
+
+	ns->state       = STATE_READY;
+	ns->nxstate     = STATE_UNKNOWN;
+	ns->op          = NULL;
+	ns->npstates    = 0;
+	ns->stateidx    = 0;
+	ns->regs.num    = 0;
+	ns->regs.count  = 0;
+	ns->regs.off    = 0;
+	ns->regs.row    = 0;
+	ns->regs.column = 0;
+	ns->regs.status = status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If the operation isn't known yet, try to find it in the global array
+ * of supported operations.
+ *
+ * Operation can be unknown because of the following.
+ *   1. New command was accepted and this is the first call to find the
+ *      correspondent states chain. In this case ns->npstates = 0;
+ *   2. There are several operations which begin with the same command(s)
+ *      (for example program from the second half and read from the
+ *      second half operations both begin with the READ1 command). In this
+ *      case the ns->pstates[] array contains previous states.
+ *
+ * Thus, the function tries to find operation containing the following
+ * states (if the 'flag' parameter is 0):
+ *    ns->pstates[0], ... ns->pstates[ns->npstates], ns->state
+ *
+ * If (one and only one) matching operation is found, it is accepted (
+ * ns->ops, ns->state, ns->nxstate are initialized, ns->npstate is
+ * zeroed).
+ *
+ * If there are several matches, the current state is pushed to the
+ * ns->pstates.
+ *
+ * The operation can be unknown only while commands are input to the chip.
+ * As soon as address command is accepted, the operation must be known.
+ * In such situation the function is called with 'flag' != 0, and the
+ * operation is searched using the following pattern:
+ *     ns->pstates[0], ... ns->pstates[ns->npstates], <address input>
+ *
+ * It is supposed that this pattern must either match one operation or
+ * none. There can't be ambiguity in that case.
+ *
+ * If no matches found, the function does the following:
+ *   1. if there are saved states present, try to ignore them and search
+ *      again only using the last command. If nothing was found, switch
+ *      to the STATE_READY state.
+ *   2. if there are no saved states, switch to the STATE_READY state.
+ *
+ * RETURNS: -2 - no matched operations found.
+ *          -1 - several matches.
+ *           0 - operation is found.
+ */
+static int find_operation(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t flag)
+{
+	int opsfound = 0;
+	int i, j, idx = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NS_OPER_NUM; i++) {
+
+		int found = 1;
+
+		if (!(ns->options & ops[i].reqopts))
+			/* Ignore operations we can't perform */
+			continue;
+
+		if (flag) {
+			if (!(ops[i].states[ns->npstates] & STATE_ADDR_MASK))
+				continue;
+		} else {
+			if (NS_STATE(ns->state) != NS_STATE(ops[i].states[ns->npstates]))
+				continue;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < ns->npstates; j++)
+			if (NS_STATE(ops[i].states[j]) != NS_STATE(ns->pstates[j])
+				&& (ns->options & ops[idx].reqopts)) {
+				found = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+		if (found) {
+			idx = i;
+			opsfound += 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (opsfound == 1) {
+		/* Exact match */
+		ns->op = &ops[idx].states[0];
+		if (flag) {
+			/*
+			 * In this case the find_operation function was
+			 * called when address has just began input. But it isn't
+			 * yet fully input and the current state must
+			 * not be one of STATE_ADDR_*, but the STATE_ADDR_*
+			 * state must be the next state (ns->nxstate).
+			 */
+			ns->stateidx = ns->npstates - 1;
+		} else {
+			ns->stateidx = ns->npstates;
+		}
+		ns->npstates = 0;
+		ns->state = ns->op[ns->stateidx];
+		ns->nxstate = ns->op[ns->stateidx + 1];
+		NS_DBG("find_operation: operation found, index: %d, state: %s, nxstate %s\n",
+				idx, get_state_name(ns->state), get_state_name(ns->nxstate));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (opsfound == 0) {
+		/* Nothing was found. Try to ignore previous commands (if any) and search again */
+		if (ns->npstates != 0) {
+			NS_DBG("find_operation: no operation found, try again with state %s\n",
+					get_state_name(ns->state));
+			ns->npstates = 0;
+			return find_operation(ns, 0);
+
+		}
+		NS_DBG("find_operation: no operations found\n");
+		switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	if (flag) {
+		/* This shouldn't happen */
+		NS_DBG("find_operation: BUG, operation must be known if address is input\n");
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	NS_DBG("find_operation: there is still ambiguity\n");
+
+	ns->pstates[ns->npstates++] = ns->state;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void put_pages(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ns->held_cnt; i++)
+		put_page(ns->held_pages[i]);
+}
+
+/* Get page cache pages in advance to provide NOFS memory allocation */
+static int get_pages(struct nandsim *ns, struct file *file, size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	pgoff_t index, start_index, end_index;
+	struct page *page;
+	struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
+
+	start_index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	end_index = (pos + count - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	if (end_index - start_index + 1 > NS_MAX_HELD_PAGES)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	ns->held_cnt = 0;
+	for (index = start_index; index <= end_index; index++) {
+		page = find_get_page(mapping, index);
+		if (page == NULL) {
+			page = find_or_create_page(mapping, index, GFP_NOFS);
+			if (page == NULL) {
+				write_inode_now(mapping->host, 1);
+				page = find_or_create_page(mapping, index, GFP_NOFS);
+			}
+			if (page == NULL) {
+				put_pages(ns);
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+			unlock_page(page);
+		}
+		ns->held_pages[ns->held_cnt++] = page;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t read_file(struct nandsim *ns, struct file *file, void *buf, size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	ssize_t tx;
+	int err;
+	unsigned int noreclaim_flag;
+
+	err = get_pages(ns, file, count, pos);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	noreclaim_flag = memalloc_noreclaim_save();
+	tx = kernel_read(file, buf, count, &pos);
+	memalloc_noreclaim_restore(noreclaim_flag);
+	put_pages(ns);
+	return tx;
+}
+
+static ssize_t write_file(struct nandsim *ns, struct file *file, void *buf, size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	ssize_t tx;
+	int err;
+	unsigned int noreclaim_flag;
+
+	err = get_pages(ns, file, count, pos);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	noreclaim_flag = memalloc_noreclaim_save();
+	tx = kernel_write(file, buf, count, &pos);
+	memalloc_noreclaim_restore(noreclaim_flag);
+	put_pages(ns);
+	return tx;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the current page.
+ */
+static inline union ns_mem *NS_GET_PAGE(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	return &(ns->pages[ns->regs.row]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retuns a pointer to the current byte, within the current page.
+ */
+static inline u_char *NS_PAGE_BYTE_OFF(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	return NS_GET_PAGE(ns)->byte + ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off;
+}
+
+static int do_read_error(struct nandsim *ns, int num)
+{
+	unsigned int page_no = ns->regs.row;
+
+	if (read_error(page_no)) {
+		prandom_bytes(ns->buf.byte, num);
+		NS_WARN("simulating read error in page %u\n", page_no);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void do_bit_flips(struct nandsim *ns, int num)
+{
+	if (bitflips && prandom_u32() < (1 << 22)) {
+		int flips = 1;
+		if (bitflips > 1)
+			flips = (prandom_u32() % (int) bitflips) + 1;
+		while (flips--) {
+			int pos = prandom_u32() % (num * 8);
+			ns->buf.byte[pos / 8] ^= (1 << (pos % 8));
+			NS_WARN("read_page: flipping bit %d in page %d "
+				"reading from %d ecc: corrected=%u failed=%u\n",
+				pos, ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off,
+				nsmtd->ecc_stats.corrected, nsmtd->ecc_stats.failed);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Fill the NAND buffer with data read from the specified page.
+ */
+static void read_page(struct nandsim *ns, int num)
+{
+	union ns_mem *mypage;
+
+	if (ns->cfile) {
+		if (!test_bit(ns->regs.row, ns->pages_written)) {
+			NS_DBG("read_page: page %d not written\n", ns->regs.row);
+			memset(ns->buf.byte, 0xFF, num);
+		} else {
+			loff_t pos;
+			ssize_t tx;
+
+			NS_DBG("read_page: page %d written, reading from %d\n",
+				ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off);
+			if (do_read_error(ns, num))
+				return;
+			pos = (loff_t)NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->regs.off;
+			tx = read_file(ns, ns->cfile, ns->buf.byte, num, pos);
+			if (tx != num) {
+				NS_ERR("read_page: read error for page %d ret %ld\n", ns->regs.row, (long)tx);
+				return;
+			}
+			do_bit_flips(ns, num);
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	mypage = NS_GET_PAGE(ns);
+	if (mypage->byte == NULL) {
+		NS_DBG("read_page: page %d not allocated\n", ns->regs.row);
+		memset(ns->buf.byte, 0xFF, num);
+	} else {
+		NS_DBG("read_page: page %d allocated, reading from %d\n",
+			ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off);
+		if (do_read_error(ns, num))
+			return;
+		memcpy(ns->buf.byte, NS_PAGE_BYTE_OFF(ns), num);
+		do_bit_flips(ns, num);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Erase all pages in the specified sector.
+ */
+static void erase_sector(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	union ns_mem *mypage;
+	int i;
+
+	if (ns->cfile) {
+		for (i = 0; i < ns->geom.pgsec; i++)
+			if (__test_and_clear_bit(ns->regs.row + i,
+						 ns->pages_written)) {
+				NS_DBG("erase_sector: freeing page %d\n", ns->regs.row + i);
+			}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	mypage = NS_GET_PAGE(ns);
+	for (i = 0; i < ns->geom.pgsec; i++) {
+		if (mypage->byte != NULL) {
+			NS_DBG("erase_sector: freeing page %d\n", ns->regs.row+i);
+			kmem_cache_free(ns->nand_pages_slab, mypage->byte);
+			mypage->byte = NULL;
+		}
+		mypage++;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Program the specified page with the contents from the NAND buffer.
+ */
+static int prog_page(struct nandsim *ns, int num)
+{
+	int i;
+	union ns_mem *mypage;
+	u_char *pg_off;
+
+	if (ns->cfile) {
+		loff_t off;
+		ssize_t tx;
+		int all;
+
+		NS_DBG("prog_page: writing page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+		pg_off = ns->file_buf + ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off;
+		off = (loff_t)NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->regs.off;
+		if (!test_bit(ns->regs.row, ns->pages_written)) {
+			all = 1;
+			memset(ns->file_buf, 0xff, ns->geom.pgszoob);
+		} else {
+			all = 0;
+			tx = read_file(ns, ns->cfile, pg_off, num, off);
+			if (tx != num) {
+				NS_ERR("prog_page: read error for page %d ret %ld\n", ns->regs.row, (long)tx);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
+			pg_off[i] &= ns->buf.byte[i];
+		if (all) {
+			loff_t pos = (loff_t)ns->regs.row * ns->geom.pgszoob;
+			tx = write_file(ns, ns->cfile, ns->file_buf, ns->geom.pgszoob, pos);
+			if (tx != ns->geom.pgszoob) {
+				NS_ERR("prog_page: write error for page %d ret %ld\n", ns->regs.row, (long)tx);
+				return -1;
+			}
+			__set_bit(ns->regs.row, ns->pages_written);
+		} else {
+			tx = write_file(ns, ns->cfile, pg_off, num, off);
+			if (tx != num) {
+				NS_ERR("prog_page: write error for page %d ret %ld\n", ns->regs.row, (long)tx);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mypage = NS_GET_PAGE(ns);
+	if (mypage->byte == NULL) {
+		NS_DBG("prog_page: allocating page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+		/*
+		 * We allocate memory with GFP_NOFS because a flash FS may
+		 * utilize this. If it is holding an FS lock, then gets here,
+		 * then kernel memory alloc runs writeback which goes to the FS
+		 * again and deadlocks. This was seen in practice.
+		 */
+		mypage->byte = kmem_cache_alloc(ns->nand_pages_slab, GFP_NOFS);
+		if (mypage->byte == NULL) {
+			NS_ERR("prog_page: error allocating memory for page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memset(mypage->byte, 0xFF, ns->geom.pgszoob);
+	}
+
+	pg_off = NS_PAGE_BYTE_OFF(ns);
+	for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
+		pg_off[i] &= ns->buf.byte[i];
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If state has any action bit, perform this action.
+ *
+ * RETURNS: 0 if success, -1 if error.
+ */
+static int do_state_action(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t action)
+{
+	int num;
+	int busdiv = ns->busw == 8 ? 1 : 2;
+	unsigned int erase_block_no, page_no;
+
+	action &= ACTION_MASK;
+
+	/* Check that page address input is correct */
+	if (action != ACTION_SECERASE && ns->regs.row >= ns->geom.pgnum) {
+		NS_WARN("do_state_action: wrong page number (%#x)\n", ns->regs.row);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	switch (action) {
+
+	case ACTION_CPY:
+		/*
+		 * Copy page data to the internal buffer.
+		 */
+
+		/* Column shouldn't be very large */
+		if (ns->regs.column >= (ns->geom.pgszoob - ns->regs.off)) {
+			NS_ERR("do_state_action: column number is too large\n");
+			break;
+		}
+		num = ns->geom.pgszoob - ns->regs.off - ns->regs.column;
+		read_page(ns, num);
+
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: (ACTION_CPY:) copy %d bytes to int buf, raw offset %d\n",
+			num, NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->regs.off);
+
+		if (ns->regs.off == 0)
+			NS_LOG("read page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+		else if (ns->regs.off < ns->geom.pgsz)
+			NS_LOG("read page %d (second half)\n", ns->regs.row);
+		else
+			NS_LOG("read OOB of page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+
+		NS_UDELAY(access_delay);
+		NS_UDELAY(input_cycle * ns->geom.pgsz / 1000 / busdiv);
+
+		break;
+
+	case ACTION_SECERASE:
+		/*
+		 * Erase sector.
+		 */
+
+		if (ns->lines.wp) {
+			NS_ERR("do_state_action: device is write-protected, ignore sector erase\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (ns->regs.row >= ns->geom.pgnum - ns->geom.pgsec
+			|| (ns->regs.row & ~(ns->geom.secsz - 1))) {
+			NS_ERR("do_state_action: wrong sector address (%#x)\n", ns->regs.row);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		ns->regs.row = (ns->regs.row <<
+				8 * (ns->geom.pgaddrbytes - ns->geom.secaddrbytes)) | ns->regs.column;
+		ns->regs.column = 0;
+
+		erase_block_no = ns->regs.row >> (ns->geom.secshift - ns->geom.pgshift);
+
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: erase sector at address %#x, off = %d\n",
+				ns->regs.row, NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns));
+		NS_LOG("erase sector %u\n", erase_block_no);
+
+		erase_sector(ns);
+
+		NS_MDELAY(erase_delay);
+
+		if (erase_block_wear)
+			update_wear(erase_block_no);
+
+		if (erase_error(erase_block_no)) {
+			NS_WARN("simulating erase failure in erase block %u\n", erase_block_no);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		break;
+
+	case ACTION_PRGPAGE:
+		/*
+		 * Program page - move internal buffer data to the page.
+		 */
+
+		if (ns->lines.wp) {
+			NS_WARN("do_state_action: device is write-protected, programm\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		num = ns->geom.pgszoob - ns->regs.off - ns->regs.column;
+		if (num != ns->regs.count) {
+			NS_ERR("do_state_action: too few bytes were input (%d instead of %d)\n",
+					ns->regs.count, num);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (prog_page(ns, num) == -1)
+			return -1;
+
+		page_no = ns->regs.row;
+
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: copy %d bytes from int buf to (%#x, %#x), raw off = %d\n",
+			num, ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column, NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->regs.off);
+		NS_LOG("programm page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
+
+		NS_UDELAY(programm_delay);
+		NS_UDELAY(output_cycle * ns->geom.pgsz / 1000 / busdiv);
+
+		if (write_error(page_no)) {
+			NS_WARN("simulating write failure in page %u\n", page_no);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		break;
+
+	case ACTION_ZEROOFF:
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: set internal offset to 0\n");
+		ns->regs.off = 0;
+		break;
+
+	case ACTION_HALFOFF:
+		if (!(ns->options & OPT_PAGE512_8BIT)) {
+			NS_ERR("do_state_action: BUG! can't skip half of page for non-512"
+				"byte page size 8x chips\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: set internal offset to %d\n", ns->geom.pgsz/2);
+		ns->regs.off = ns->geom.pgsz/2;
+		break;
+
+	case ACTION_OOBOFF:
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: set internal offset to %d\n", ns->geom.pgsz);
+		ns->regs.off = ns->geom.pgsz;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		NS_DBG("do_state_action: BUG! unknown action\n");
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Switch simulator's state.
+ */
+static void switch_state(struct nandsim *ns)
+{
+	if (ns->op) {
+		/*
+		 * The current operation have already been identified.
+		 * Just follow the states chain.
+		 */
+
+		ns->stateidx += 1;
+		ns->state = ns->nxstate;
+		ns->nxstate = ns->op[ns->stateidx + 1];
+
+		NS_DBG("switch_state: operation is known, switch to the next state, "
+			"state: %s, nxstate: %s\n",
+			get_state_name(ns->state), get_state_name(ns->nxstate));
+
+		/* See, whether we need to do some action */
+		if ((ns->state & ACTION_MASK) && do_state_action(ns, ns->state) < 0) {
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We don't yet know which operation we perform.
+		 * Try to identify it.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 *  The only event causing the switch_state function to
+		 *  be called with yet unknown operation is new command.
+		 */
+		ns->state = get_state_by_command(ns->regs.command);
+
+		NS_DBG("switch_state: operation is unknown, try to find it\n");
+
+		if (find_operation(ns, 0) != 0)
+			return;
+
+		if ((ns->state & ACTION_MASK) && do_state_action(ns, ns->state) < 0) {
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* For 16x devices column means the page offset in words */
+	if ((ns->nxstate & STATE_ADDR_MASK) && ns->busw == 16) {
+		NS_DBG("switch_state: double the column number for 16x device\n");
+		ns->regs.column <<= 1;
+	}
+
+	if (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate) == STATE_READY) {
+		/*
+		 * The current state is the last. Return to STATE_READY
+		 */
+
+		u_char status = NS_STATUS_OK(ns);
+
+		/* In case of data states, see if all bytes were input/output */
+		if ((ns->state & (STATE_DATAIN_MASK | STATE_DATAOUT_MASK))
+			&& ns->regs.count != ns->regs.num) {
+			NS_WARN("switch_state: not all bytes were processed, %d left\n",
+					ns->regs.num - ns->regs.count);
+			status = NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns);
+		}
+
+		NS_DBG("switch_state: operation complete, switch to STATE_READY state\n");
+
+		switch_to_ready_state(ns, status);
+
+		return;
+	} else if (ns->nxstate & (STATE_DATAIN_MASK | STATE_DATAOUT_MASK)) {
+		/*
+		 * If the next state is data input/output, switch to it now
+		 */
+
+		ns->state      = ns->nxstate;
+		ns->nxstate    = ns->op[++ns->stateidx + 1];
+		ns->regs.num   = ns->regs.count = 0;
+
+		NS_DBG("switch_state: the next state is data I/O, switch, "
+			"state: %s, nxstate: %s\n",
+			get_state_name(ns->state), get_state_name(ns->nxstate));
+
+		/*
+		 * Set the internal register to the count of bytes which
+		 * are expected to be input or output
+		 */
+		switch (NS_STATE(ns->state)) {
+			case STATE_DATAIN:
+			case STATE_DATAOUT:
+				ns->regs.num = ns->geom.pgszoob - ns->regs.off - ns->regs.column;
+				break;
+
+			case STATE_DATAOUT_ID:
+				ns->regs.num = ns->geom.idbytes;
+				break;
+
+			case STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS:
+				ns->regs.count = ns->regs.num = 0;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				NS_ERR("switch_state: BUG! unknown data state\n");
+		}
+
+	} else if (ns->nxstate & STATE_ADDR_MASK) {
+		/*
+		 * If the next state is address input, set the internal
+		 * register to the number of expected address bytes
+		 */
+
+		ns->regs.count = 0;
+
+		switch (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate)) {
+			case STATE_ADDR_PAGE:
+				ns->regs.num = ns->geom.pgaddrbytes;
+
+				break;
+			case STATE_ADDR_SEC:
+				ns->regs.num = ns->geom.secaddrbytes;
+				break;
+
+			case STATE_ADDR_ZERO:
+				ns->regs.num = 1;
+				break;
+
+			case STATE_ADDR_COLUMN:
+				/* Column address is always 2 bytes */
+				ns->regs.num = ns->geom.pgaddrbytes - ns->geom.secaddrbytes;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				NS_ERR("switch_state: BUG! unknown address state\n");
+		}
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Just reset internal counters.
+		 */
+
+		ns->regs.num = 0;
+		ns->regs.count = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static u_char ns_nand_read_byte(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+	u_char outb = 0x00;
+
+	/* Sanity and correctness checks */
+	if (!ns->lines.ce) {
+		NS_ERR("read_byte: chip is disabled, return %#x\n", (uint)outb);
+		return outb;
+	}
+	if (ns->lines.ale || ns->lines.cle) {
+		NS_ERR("read_byte: ALE or CLE pin is high, return %#x\n", (uint)outb);
+		return outb;
+	}
+	if (!(ns->state & STATE_DATAOUT_MASK)) {
+		NS_WARN("read_byte: unexpected data output cycle, state is %s "
+			"return %#x\n", get_state_name(ns->state), (uint)outb);
+		return outb;
+	}
+
+	/* Status register may be read as many times as it is wanted */
+	if (NS_STATE(ns->state) == STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS) {
+		NS_DBG("read_byte: return %#x status\n", ns->regs.status);
+		return ns->regs.status;
+	}
+
+	/* Check if there is any data in the internal buffer which may be read */
+	if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+		NS_WARN("read_byte: no more data to output, return %#x\n", (uint)outb);
+		return outb;
+	}
+
+	switch (NS_STATE(ns->state)) {
+		case STATE_DATAOUT:
+			if (ns->busw == 8) {
+				outb = ns->buf.byte[ns->regs.count];
+				ns->regs.count += 1;
+			} else {
+				outb = (u_char)cpu_to_le16(ns->buf.word[ns->regs.count >> 1]);
+				ns->regs.count += 2;
+			}
+			break;
+		case STATE_DATAOUT_ID:
+			NS_DBG("read_byte: read ID byte %d, total = %d\n", ns->regs.count, ns->regs.num);
+			outb = ns->ids[ns->regs.count];
+			ns->regs.count += 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			BUG();
+	}
+
+	if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+		NS_DBG("read_byte: all bytes were read\n");
+
+		if (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate) == STATE_READY)
+			switch_state(ns);
+	}
+
+	return outb;
+}
+
+static void ns_nand_write_byte(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char byte)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+
+	/* Sanity and correctness checks */
+	if (!ns->lines.ce) {
+		NS_ERR("write_byte: chip is disabled, ignore write\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (ns->lines.ale && ns->lines.cle) {
+		NS_ERR("write_byte: ALE and CLE pins are high simultaneously, ignore write\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (ns->lines.cle == 1) {
+		/*
+		 * The byte written is a command.
+		 */
+
+		if (byte == NAND_CMD_RESET) {
+			NS_LOG("reset chip\n");
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_OK(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Check that the command byte is correct */
+		if (check_command(byte)) {
+			NS_ERR("write_byte: unknown command %#x\n", (uint)byte);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (NS_STATE(ns->state) == STATE_DATAOUT_STATUS
+			|| NS_STATE(ns->state) == STATE_DATAOUT) {
+			int row = ns->regs.row;
+
+			switch_state(ns);
+			if (byte == NAND_CMD_RNDOUT)
+				ns->regs.row = row;
+		}
+
+		/* Check if chip is expecting command */
+		if (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate) != STATE_UNKNOWN && !(ns->nxstate & STATE_CMD_MASK)) {
+			/* Do not warn if only 2 id bytes are read */
+			if (!(ns->regs.command == NAND_CMD_READID &&
+			    NS_STATE(ns->state) == STATE_DATAOUT_ID && ns->regs.count == 2)) {
+				/*
+				 * We are in situation when something else (not command)
+				 * was expected but command was input. In this case ignore
+				 * previous command(s)/state(s) and accept the last one.
+				 */
+				NS_WARN("write_byte: command (%#x) wasn't expected, expected state is %s, "
+					"ignore previous states\n", (uint)byte, get_state_name(ns->nxstate));
+			}
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+		}
+
+		NS_DBG("command byte corresponding to %s state accepted\n",
+			get_state_name(get_state_by_command(byte)));
+		ns->regs.command = byte;
+		switch_state(ns);
+
+	} else if (ns->lines.ale == 1) {
+		/*
+		 * The byte written is an address.
+		 */
+
+		if (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate) == STATE_UNKNOWN) {
+
+			NS_DBG("write_byte: operation isn't known yet, identify it\n");
+
+			if (find_operation(ns, 1) < 0)
+				return;
+
+			if ((ns->state & ACTION_MASK) && do_state_action(ns, ns->state) < 0) {
+				switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+				return;
+			}
+
+			ns->regs.count = 0;
+			switch (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate)) {
+				case STATE_ADDR_PAGE:
+					ns->regs.num = ns->geom.pgaddrbytes;
+					break;
+				case STATE_ADDR_SEC:
+					ns->regs.num = ns->geom.secaddrbytes;
+					break;
+				case STATE_ADDR_ZERO:
+					ns->regs.num = 1;
+					break;
+				default:
+					BUG();
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Check that chip is expecting address */
+		if (!(ns->nxstate & STATE_ADDR_MASK)) {
+			NS_ERR("write_byte: address (%#x) isn't expected, expected state is %s, "
+				"switch to STATE_READY\n", (uint)byte, get_state_name(ns->nxstate));
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Check if this is expected byte */
+		if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+			NS_ERR("write_byte: no more address bytes expected\n");
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+
+		accept_addr_byte(ns, byte);
+
+		ns->regs.count += 1;
+
+		NS_DBG("write_byte: address byte %#x was accepted (%d bytes input, %d expected)\n",
+				(uint)byte, ns->regs.count, ns->regs.num);
+
+		if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+			NS_DBG("address (%#x, %#x) is accepted\n", ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column);
+			switch_state(ns);
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * The byte written is an input data.
+		 */
+
+		/* Check that chip is expecting data input */
+		if (!(ns->state & STATE_DATAIN_MASK)) {
+			NS_ERR("write_byte: data input (%#x) isn't expected, state is %s, "
+				"switch to %s\n", (uint)byte,
+				get_state_name(ns->state), get_state_name(STATE_READY));
+			switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Check if this is expected byte */
+		if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+			NS_WARN("write_byte: %u input bytes has already been accepted, ignore write\n",
+					ns->regs.num);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (ns->busw == 8) {
+			ns->buf.byte[ns->regs.count] = byte;
+			ns->regs.count += 1;
+		} else {
+			ns->buf.word[ns->regs.count >> 1] = cpu_to_le16((uint16_t)byte);
+			ns->regs.count += 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+static void ns_hwcontrol(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd, unsigned int bitmask)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+
+	ns->lines.cle = bitmask & NAND_CLE ? 1 : 0;
+	ns->lines.ale = bitmask & NAND_ALE ? 1 : 0;
+	ns->lines.ce = bitmask & NAND_NCE ? 1 : 0;
+
+	if (cmd != NAND_CMD_NONE)
+		ns_nand_write_byte(mtd, cmd);
+}
+
+static int ns_device_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	NS_DBG("device_ready\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static uint16_t ns_nand_read_word(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+
+	NS_DBG("read_word\n");
+
+	return chip->read_byte(mtd) | (chip->read_byte(mtd) << 8);
+}
+
+static void ns_nand_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u_char *buf, int len)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+
+	/* Check that chip is expecting data input */
+	if (!(ns->state & STATE_DATAIN_MASK)) {
+		NS_ERR("write_buf: data input isn't expected, state is %s, "
+			"switch to STATE_READY\n", get_state_name(ns->state));
+		switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Check if these are expected bytes */
+	if (ns->regs.count + len > ns->regs.num) {
+		NS_ERR("write_buf: too many input bytes\n");
+		switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(ns->buf.byte + ns->regs.count, buf, len);
+	ns->regs.count += len;
+
+	if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+		NS_DBG("write_buf: %d bytes were written\n", ns->regs.count);
+	}
+}
+
+static void ns_nand_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *buf, int len)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+
+	/* Sanity and correctness checks */
+	if (!ns->lines.ce) {
+		NS_ERR("read_buf: chip is disabled\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (ns->lines.ale || ns->lines.cle) {
+		NS_ERR("read_buf: ALE or CLE pin is high\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!(ns->state & STATE_DATAOUT_MASK)) {
+		NS_WARN("read_buf: unexpected data output cycle, current state is %s\n",
+			get_state_name(ns->state));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (NS_STATE(ns->state) != STATE_DATAOUT) {
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			buf[i] = mtd_to_nand(mtd)->read_byte(mtd);
+
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Check if these are expected bytes */
+	if (ns->regs.count + len > ns->regs.num) {
+		NS_ERR("read_buf: too many bytes to read\n");
+		switch_to_ready_state(ns, NS_STATUS_FAILED(ns));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(buf, ns->buf.byte + ns->regs.count, len);
+	ns->regs.count += len;
+
+	if (ns->regs.count == ns->regs.num) {
+		if (NS_STATE(ns->nxstate) == STATE_READY)
+			switch_state(ns);
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Module initialization function
+ */
+static int __init ns_init_module(void)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip;
+	struct nandsim *nand;
+	int retval = -ENOMEM, i;
+
+	if (bus_width != 8 && bus_width != 16) {
+		NS_ERR("wrong bus width (%d), use only 8 or 16\n", bus_width);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate and initialize mtd_info, nand_chip and nandsim structures */
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nand_chip) + sizeof(struct nandsim),
+		       GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip) {
+		NS_ERR("unable to allocate core structures.\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	nsmtd       = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+	nand        = (struct nandsim *)(chip + 1);
+	nand_set_controller_data(chip, (void *)nand);
+
+	/*
+	 * Register simulator's callbacks.
+	 */
+	chip->cmd_ctrl	 = ns_hwcontrol;
+	chip->read_byte  = ns_nand_read_byte;
+	chip->dev_ready  = ns_device_ready;
+	chip->write_buf  = ns_nand_write_buf;
+	chip->read_buf   = ns_nand_read_buf;
+	chip->read_word  = ns_nand_read_word;
+	chip->ecc.mode   = NAND_ECC_SOFT;
+	chip->ecc.algo   = NAND_ECC_HAMMING;
+	/* The NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN option is necessary for 'overridesize' */
+	/* and 'badblocks' parameters to work */
+	chip->options   |= NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN;
+
+	switch (bbt) {
+	case 2:
+		 chip->bbt_options |= NAND_BBT_NO_OOB;
+	case 1:
+		 chip->bbt_options |= NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		NS_ERR("bbt has to be 0..2\n");
+		retval = -EINVAL;
+		goto error;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Perform minimum nandsim structure initialization to handle
+	 * the initial ID read command correctly
+	 */
+	if (id_bytes[6] != 0xFF || id_bytes[7] != 0xFF)
+		nand->geom.idbytes = 8;
+	else if (id_bytes[4] != 0xFF || id_bytes[5] != 0xFF)
+		nand->geom.idbytes = 6;
+	else if (id_bytes[2] != 0xFF || id_bytes[3] != 0xFF)
+		nand->geom.idbytes = 4;
+	else
+		nand->geom.idbytes = 2;
+	nand->regs.status = NS_STATUS_OK(nand);
+	nand->nxstate = STATE_UNKNOWN;
+	nand->options |= OPT_PAGE512; /* temporary value */
+	memcpy(nand->ids, id_bytes, sizeof(nand->ids));
+	if (bus_width == 16) {
+		nand->busw = 16;
+		chip->options |= NAND_BUSWIDTH_16;
+	}
+
+	nsmtd->owner = THIS_MODULE;
+
+	if ((retval = parse_weakblocks()) != 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	if ((retval = parse_weakpages()) != 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	if ((retval = parse_gravepages()) != 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	retval = nand_scan_ident(nsmtd, 1, NULL);
+	if (retval) {
+		NS_ERR("cannot scan NAND Simulator device\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (bch) {
+		unsigned int eccsteps, eccbytes;
+		if (!mtd_nand_has_bch()) {
+			NS_ERR("BCH ECC support is disabled\n");
+			retval = -EINVAL;
+			goto error;
+		}
+		/* use 512-byte ecc blocks */
+		eccsteps = nsmtd->writesize/512;
+		eccbytes = (bch*13+7)/8;
+		/* do not bother supporting small page devices */
+		if ((nsmtd->oobsize < 64) || !eccsteps) {
+			NS_ERR("bch not available on small page devices\n");
+			retval = -EINVAL;
+			goto error;
+		}
+		if ((eccbytes*eccsteps+2) > nsmtd->oobsize) {
+			NS_ERR("invalid bch value %u\n", bch);
+			retval = -EINVAL;
+			goto error;
+		}
+		chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;
+		chip->ecc.algo = NAND_ECC_BCH;
+		chip->ecc.size = 512;
+		chip->ecc.strength = bch;
+		chip->ecc.bytes = eccbytes;
+		NS_INFO("using %u-bit/%u bytes BCH ECC\n", bch, chip->ecc.size);
+	}
+
+	retval = nand_scan_tail(nsmtd);
+	if (retval) {
+		NS_ERR("can't register NAND Simulator\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (overridesize) {
+		uint64_t new_size = (uint64_t)nsmtd->erasesize << overridesize;
+		if (new_size >> overridesize != nsmtd->erasesize) {
+			NS_ERR("overridesize is too big\n");
+			retval = -EINVAL;
+			goto err_exit;
+		}
+		/* N.B. This relies on nand_scan not doing anything with the size before we change it */
+		nsmtd->size = new_size;
+		chip->chipsize = new_size;
+		chip->chip_shift = ffs(nsmtd->erasesize) + overridesize - 1;
+		chip->pagemask = (chip->chipsize >> chip->page_shift) - 1;
+	}
+
+	if ((retval = setup_wear_reporting(nsmtd)) != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+	if ((retval = init_nandsim(nsmtd)) != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+	if ((retval = chip->scan_bbt(nsmtd)) != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+	if ((retval = parse_badblocks(nand, nsmtd)) != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+	/* Register NAND partitions */
+	retval = mtd_device_register(nsmtd, &nand->partitions[0],
+				     nand->nbparts);
+	if (retval != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+	if ((retval = nandsim_debugfs_create(nand)) != 0)
+		goto err_exit;
+
+        return 0;
+
+err_exit:
+	free_nandsim(nand);
+	nand_release(nsmtd);
+	for (i = 0;i < ARRAY_SIZE(nand->partitions); ++i)
+		kfree(nand->partitions[i].name);
+error:
+	kfree(chip);
+	free_lists();
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
+module_init(ns_init_module);
+
+/*
+ * Module clean-up function
+ */
+static void __exit ns_cleanup_module(void)
+{
+	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(nsmtd);
+	struct nandsim *ns = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
+	int i;
+
+	free_nandsim(ns);    /* Free nandsim private resources */
+	nand_release(nsmtd); /* Unregister driver */
+	for (i = 0;i < ARRAY_SIZE(ns->partitions); ++i)
+		kfree(ns->partitions[i].name);
+	kfree(mtd_to_nand(nsmtd));        /* Free other structures */
+	free_lists();
+}
+
+module_exit(ns_cleanup_module);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR ("Artem B. Bityuckiy");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("The NAND flash simulator");