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2007-11-20[ALSA] portman2x4 - Fix probe errorTakashi Iwai
Reported by Ingo Molnar, when booting an allyesconfig bzImage kernel the bootup hangs in the portman2x4 driver (on a box that does not have this hardware), at: Pid: 1, comm: swapper EIP: 0060:[<c02f763c>] CPU: 0 EIP is at parport_pc_read_status+0x4/0x8 EFLAGS: 00000202 Not tainted (2.6.23-rc9 #904) EAX: f7e57a7f EBX: 00000010 ECX: c2b808c0 EDX: 00000379 ESI: f7cb8230 EDI: 00000010 EBP: f7cb8230 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 0000 CR0: 8005003b CR2: fff9c000 CR3: 007ec000 CR4: 00000690 DR0: 00000000 DR1: 00000000 DR2: 00000000 DR3: 00000000 DR6: ffff0ff0 DR7: 00000400 [<c04613de>] portman_flush_input+0xde/0x12c [<c0461a24>] snd_portman_probe+0x368/0x484 [<c02fbb8c>] __device_attach+0x0/0x8 [<c02fce68>] platform_drv_probe+0xc/0x10 [<c02fba6c>] driver_probe_device+0x74/0x194 [<c0587174>] klist_next+0x38/0x70 [<c02fbb8c>] __device_attach+0x0/0x8 [<c02faea1>] bus_for_each_drv+0x35/0x68 [<c02fbc22>] device_attach+0x72/0x78 the reason is due to an inconsistent error return code of 1 or 2, while snd_portman_probe only realizes negative error codes. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
2007-11-19[ALSA] mpu401: fix recursive locking in timerClemens Ladisch
When the output and input ports are used at the same time, the timer can be interrupted by the hardware interrupt, so we have to disable interrupts when we take a lock in the timer. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
2007-10-23[PARPORT] Remove unused 'irq' argument from parport irq functionsJeff Garzik
None of the drivers with a struct pardevice's ->irq_func() hook ever used the 'irq' argument passed to it, so remove it. Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
2007-10-19Fix misspellings of "system", "controller", "interrupt" and "necessary".Robert P. J. Day
Fix the various misspellings of "system", controller", "interrupt" and "[un]necessary". Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
2007-10-16[ALSA] Changed Jaroslav Kysela's e-mail from perex@suse.cz to perex@perex.czJaroslav Kysela
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
2007-10-16[ALSA] mpu-401: remove MPU401_INFO_UART_ONLY flagClemens Ladisch
Since the last patch made the ENTER_UART command optional, the enter_uart option and its corresponding flag have become superfluous. The uart_enter option remains for backward compatibility but just prints a warning when used. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-10-16[ALSA] mpu-401: do not require an ACK byte for the ENTER_UART commandClemens Ladisch
The original MPU-401 does not send an ACK byte after processing the ENTER_UART command, so we better do not try to wait for it. Many clones get this wrong and do send an ACK, but when interpreting it as MIDI, it is just a harmless Active Sensing message, and it is likely to be read and discarded by the interrupt handler before the MIDI input device is triggered. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-10-16[ALSA] Clean up MakefileTakashi Iwai
Clean up Makefile using xxx- style instead of ifeq(CONFIG_XXX,y). Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-10-16[ALSA] Clean up with common snd_ctl_boolean_*_info callbacksTakashi Iwai
Clean up codes using the new common snd_ctl_boolean_*_info() callbacks. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-07-20[ALSA] portman2x4 section mismatchRandy Dunlap
FIx section mismatch when CONFIG_HOTPLUG=n: WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x271): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:snd_p ortman_unregister_all (between 'snd_portman_module_exit' and 'alsa_mpu401_uart_exit') Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-07-20[ALSA] more section mismatchesRandy Dunlap
Something about __init_or_module isn't working as expected (?). CONFIG_HOTPLUG=y CONFIG_MODULES=n Fix shared init/exit code helper: WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x243): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'alsa_card_mpu401_exit' and 'ac97_bus_exit') WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x21b): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'alsa_card_dummy_exit' and 'alsa_card_serial_exit') Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-07-20[ALSA] fix section mismatchRandy Dunlap
Fix shared init/exit function attributes: WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x4a1): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'alsa_card_virmidi_exit' and 'alsa_card_serial_exit') WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x4c1): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'alsa_card_serial_exit' and 'ac97_bus_exit') Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-07-01ALSA: more section mismatchesRandy Dunlap
Fix section mismatch warnings: WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x3ad): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'sb_exit' and 'unload_uart6850') WARNING: sound/built-in.o(.exit.text+0x753): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: (between 'snd_mts64_module_exit' and 'snd_portman_module_exit') Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-11[ALSA] add MODULE_FIRMWARE entriesClemens Ladisch
Add MODULE_FIRMWARE() entries, where appropriate. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-05-11[ALSA] sound: fix incorrect use of platform_device_register()Akinobu Mita
The platform_device allocated by platform_device_alloc() should be added to the device hierarchy by platform_device_add() instead of platform_device_register(). Otherwise it will hit WARN_ON() in platform_device_register(). by illegal refcount. This patch fixes such incorrect usages in portman2x4 and mts64 drivers. Also it removes unnecessary trailing whitespaces. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-05-11[ALSA] mpu401 - Add MPU401_INFO_UART_ONLY bitflagTakashi Iwai
Added MPU401_INFO_UART_ONLY bitflag to avoid issueing UART_ENTER command at opening streams. Some devices support only UART mode and give errors to UART_ENTER. A new module option, uart_enter, is added to snd-mpu401 driver. For UART-only devices, set uart_enter=0. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-02-14Merge branch 'linus' of master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perex/alsaLinus Torvalds
* 'linus' of master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perex/alsa: [ALSA] version 1.0.14rc2 [ALSA] Fix a typo in __dev* changes in portman2x4.c [ALSA] Change AT91 PDC register defines for 2.6.20 kernel [ALSA] SoC codecs - fix Kconfig - depends -> depends on [ALSA] Fix __devinit and __devexit issues with sound drivers [ALSA] hda-codec - Patch for enabling LFE on more Dell laptops [ALSA] hda-codec - More fixes for Conexant HD Audio support [ALSA] usb-audio: add PCR-A PCM support [ALSA] emu10k1: fix typo [ALSA] usbaudio - remove urb->bandwidth reference [ALSA] ac97 - Fix silent output problem with Cx20551 codec [ALSA] hda-codec - Fix Oops with probing sigmatel codec chips
2007-02-14[PATCH] remove many unneeded #includes of sched.hTim Schmielau
After Al Viro (finally) succeeded in removing the sched.h #include in module.h recently, it makes sense again to remove other superfluous sched.h includes. There are quite a lot of files which include it but don't actually need anything defined in there. Presumably these includes were once needed for macros that used to live in sched.h, but moved to other header files in the course of cleaning it up. To ease the pain, this time I did not fiddle with any header files and only removed #includes from .c-files, which tend to cause less trouble. Compile tested against 2.6.20-rc2 and 2.6.20-rc2-mm2 (with offsets) on alpha, arm, i386, ia64, mips, powerpc, and x86_64 with allnoconfig, defconfig, allmodconfig, and allyesconfig as well as a few randconfigs on x86_64 and all configs in arch/arm/configs on arm. I also checked that no new warnings were introduced by the patch (actually, some warnings are removed that were emitted by unnecessarily included header files). Signed-off-by: Tim Schmielau <tim@physik3.uni-rostock.de> Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[ALSA] Fix a typo in __dev* changes in portman2x4.cTakashi Iwai
Fix a typo in the last __dev* changes in portman2x4.c. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-02-14[ALSA] Fix __devinit and __devexit issues with sound driversPrarit Bhargava
Fix __devinit and __devexit issues with sound drivers. Resolves MODPOST warnings similar to: WARNING: sound/drivers/snd-dummy.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:snd_dummy_probe from .data.rel.local between 'snd_dummy_driver' (at offset 0x0) and 'snd_dummy_controls' WARNING: sound/drivers/snd-mtpav.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:snd_mtpav_probe from .data.rel.local between 'snd_mtpav_driver' (at offset 0x0) and 'snd_mtpav_input' WARNING: sound/drivers/snd-virmidi.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:snd_virmidi_probe from .data.rel.local after 'snd_virmidi_driver' (at offset 0x0) Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-02-09[ALSA] Add even more 'const' to everything related to TLVTakashi Iwai
Mark TLV data as 'const' Signed-of-by: Philipp Matthias Hahn <pmhahn@pmhahn.de> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-02-09[ALSA] Add snd-portman2x4 driver for Midiman Portman 2x4 MIDI deviceMatthias Koenig
snd-portman2x4 driver supports Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI device. Signed-off-by: Matthias Koenig <mkoenig@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2007-02-09[ALSA] Clean up serial-u16500.cTakashi Iwai
Remove uesless typedefs and clean up the code a bit to follow the standard coding style. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-12-12[PATCH] remove config ordering/dependency between ucb1400-ts and sound subsystemNicolas Pitre
Commit 2d4ba4a3b9aef95d328d74a17ae84f8d658059e2 introduced a dependency that was never meant to exist when the ac97_bus.c module was created. Move ac97_bus.c up the directory hierarchy to make sure it is built when selected even if sound is configured out so things work as originally intended. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-05IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlersDavid Howells
Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-09-24[PATCH] NULL noise removalAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Move CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE to pci/KconfigTakashi Iwai
Moved the entry of CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE from drivers/Kconfig to more appropriate place, pci/Kconfig. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] opl4: Use SEEK_{SET,CUR,END} instead of hardcoded valuesJosef 'Jeff' Sipek
opl4: Use SEEK_{SET,CUR,END} instead of hardcoded values Signed-off-by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <jeffpc@josefsipek.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Add dB scale information to vxpocket and vx222 driversTakashi Iwai
Added the dB scale information to vxpocket and vx222 drivers. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Add dB scale information to dummy driverTakashi Iwai
Added the dB scale information to dummy driver. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Fix some typos in snd-dummy driverTakashi Iwai
Fixed some typos in snd-dummy driver. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Add snd-mts64 driver for ESI Miditerminal 4140Matthias Koenig
Added snd-mts64 driver for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140 by Matthias Koenig <mk@phasorlab.de>. The driver requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT). Signed-off-by: Matthias Koenig <mk@phasorlab.de> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Add experimental support of aggressive AC97 power-saving modeTakashi Iwai
Added CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE kernel config to enable the support of aggressive AC97 power-saving mode. In this mode, the AC97 powerdown register bits are dynamically controlled at each open/close of PCM streams. The mode is activated via power_save option for snd-ac97-codec driver. As default it's off. It can be turned on/off on the fly via sysfs, too. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Deprecate snd_card_free_in_thread()Takashi Iwai
Deprecated snd_card_free_in_thread(), replaced with snd_card_free_when_closed(). Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-09-23[ALSA] Fix disconnection of proc interfaceTakashi Iwai
- Add the linked list to each proc entry to enable a single-shot disconnection (unregister) - Deprecate snd_info_unregister(), use snd_info_free_entry() - Removed NULL checks of snd_info_free_entry() Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-08-03[ALSA] Conversions from kmalloc+memset to k(z|c)allocPanagiotis Issaris
sound: Conversions from kmalloc+memset to k(c|z)alloc. Signed-off-by: Panagiotis Issaris <takis@issaris.org> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
2006-07-02[PATCH] irq-flags: sound: Use the new IRQF_ constantsThomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-06-27[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in sound driversGreg Kroah-Hartman
This is needed if we wish to change the size of the resource structures. Based on an original patch from Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] virmidi: revert erroneous removal of zero initializationClemens Ladisch
The last patch that tried to remove zero initializations of static variables accidentally removed a not-quite-zero initialization too. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] Change an arugment of snd_mpu401_uart_new() to bit flagsTakashi Iwai
Change the 5th argument of snd_mpu401_uart_new() to bit flags instead of a boolean. The argument takes bits that consist of MPU401_INFO_XXX flags. The callers that used the value 1 there are replaced with MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] mpu401_uart - Fix coding style and code clean upTakashi Iwai
- fold lines and fix spaces to follow the standard style - added some comments - moved EXPORT_SYMBOL() near the definition - some code clean up Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] Remove zero-initialization of static variablesTakashi Iwai
Removed zero-initializations of static variables. A tiny optimization. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] add more sequencer port type information bitsClemens Ladisch
Add four new information flags SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE, _SOFTWARE, _SYNTHESIZER, _PORT for sequencer ports. This makes it easier for apps like Rosegarden to make policy decisions based on the port type. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] fix port type bitsClemens Ladisch
Fix the port information about non-MIDI messages that had wrong values for some OPL3 and EmuX ports. Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] Remove unneeded read/write_size fields in proc text opsTakashi Iwai
Remove unneeded read/write_size fields in proc text ops. snd_info_set_text_ops() is fixed, too. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] vx - Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each functionTakashi Iwai
Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each exported function/variable. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] opl4 - Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each functionTakashi Iwai
Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each exported function/variable. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] opl3 - Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each functionTakashi Iwai
Move EXPORT_SYMBOL() to adjacent to each exported function/variable. Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-06-22[ALSA] unregister platform device again if probe was unsuccessfulRene Herman
This second one unregisters the platform device again when the probe is unsuccesful for sound/drivers, sound/arm/sa11xx-uda1341.c and sound/ppc/powermac.c. This gets them all. Signed-off-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@keyaccess.nl> Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2006-05-21[PATCH] mpu401 section fixAndrew Morton
WARNING: sound/drivers/mpu401/snd-mpu401.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: from .text between 'snd_mpu401_pnp_probe' (at offset 0x1f7) and 'snd_mpu401_pnp_remove' Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>