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2012-02-06exec: fix use-after-free bug in setup_new_exec()Heiko Carstens
Setting the task name is done within setup_new_exec() by accessing bprm->filename. However this happens after flush_old_exec(). This may result in a use after free bug, flush_old_exec() may "complete" vfork_done, which will wake up the parent which in turn may free the passed in filename. To fix this add a new tcomm field in struct linux_binprm which contains the now early generated task name until it is used. Fixes this bug on s390: Unable to handle kernel pointer dereference at virtual kernel address 0000000039768000 Process kworker/u:3 (pid: 245, task: 000000003a3dc840, ksp: 0000000039453818) Krnl PSW : 0704000180000000 0000000000282e94 (setup_new_exec+0xa0/0x374) Call Trace: ([<0000000000282e2c>] setup_new_exec+0x38/0x374) [<00000000002dd12e>] load_elf_binary+0x402/0x1bf4 [<0000000000280a42>] search_binary_handler+0x38e/0x5bc [<0000000000282b6c>] do_execve_common+0x410/0x514 [<0000000000282cb6>] do_execve+0x46/0x58 [<00000000005bce58>] kernel_execve+0x28/0x70 [<000000000014ba2e>] ____call_usermodehelper+0x102/0x140 [<00000000005bc8da>] kernel_thread_starter+0x6/0xc [<00000000005bc8d4>] kernel_thread_starter+0x0/0xc Last Breaking-Event-Address: [<00000000002830f0>] setup_new_exec+0x2fc/0x374 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops Reported-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-01-10tracepoint: add tracepoints for debugging oom_score_adjKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
oom_score_adj is used for guarding processes from OOM-Killer. One of problem is that it's inherited at fork(). When a daemon set oom_score_adj and make children, it's hard to know where the value is set. This patch adds some tracepoints useful for debugging. This patch adds 3 trace points. - creating new task - renaming a task (exec) - set oom_score_adj To debug, users need to enable some trace pointer. Maybe filtering is useful as # EVENT=/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/task/ # echo "oom_score_adj != 0" > $EVENT/task_newtask/filter # echo "oom_score_adj != 0" > $EVENT/task_rename/filter # echo 1 > $EVENT/enable # EVENT=/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/oom/ # echo 1 > $EVENT/enable output will be like this. # grep oom /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace bash-7699 [007] d..3 5140.744510: oom_score_adj_update: pid=7699 comm=bash oom_score_adj=-1000 bash-7699 [007] ...1 5151.818022: task_newtask: pid=7729 comm=bash clone_flags=1200011 oom_score_adj=-1000 ls-7729 [003] ...2 5151.818504: task_rename: pid=7729 oldcomm=bash newcomm=ls oom_score_adj=-1000 bash-7699 [002] ...1 5175.701468: task_newtask: pid=7730 comm=bash clone_flags=1200011 oom_score_adj=-1000 grep-7730 [007] ...2 5175.701993: task_rename: pid=7730 oldcomm=bash newcomm=grep oom_score_adj=-1000 Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-01-03trim fs/internal.hAl Viro
some stuff in there can actually become static; some belongs to pnode.h as it's a private interface between namespace.c and pnode.c... Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2011-10-31oom: remove oom_disable_countDavid Rientjes
This removes mm->oom_disable_count entirely since it's unnecessary and currently buggy. The counter was intended to be per-process but it's currently decremented in the exit path for each thread that exits, causing it to underflow. The count was originally intended to prevent oom killing threads that share memory with threads that cannot be killed since it doesn't lead to future memory freeing. The counter could be fixed to represent all threads sharing the same mm, but it's better to remove the count since: - it is possible that the OOM_DISABLE thread sharing memory with the victim is waiting on that thread to exit and will actually cause future memory freeing, and - there is no guarantee that a thread is disabled from oom killing just because another thread sharing its mm is oom disabled. Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-08-11move RLIMIT_NPROC check from set_user() to do_execve_common()Vasiliy Kulikov
The patch http://lkml.org/lkml/2003/7/13/226 introduced an RLIMIT_NPROC check in set_user() to check for NPROC exceeding via setuid() and similar functions. Before the check there was a possibility to greatly exceed the allowed number of processes by an unprivileged user if the program relied on rlimit only. But the check created new security threat: many poorly written programs simply don't check setuid() return code and believe it cannot fail if executed with root privileges. So, the check is removed in this patch because of too often privilege escalations related to buggy programs. The NPROC can still be enforced in the common code flow of daemons spawning user processes. Most of daemons do fork()+setuid()+execve(). The check introduced in execve() (1) enforces the same limit as in setuid() and (2) doesn't create similar security issues. Neil Brown suggested to track what specific process has exceeded the limit by setting PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED process flag. With the change only this process would fail on execve(), and other processes' execve() behaviour is not changed. Solar Designer suggested to re-check whether NPROC limit is still exceeded at the moment of execve(). If the process was sleeping for days between set*uid() and execve(), and the NPROC counter step down under the limit, the defered execve() failure because NPROC limit was exceeded days ago would be unexpected. If the limit is not exceeded anymore, we clear the flag on successful calls to execve() and fork(). The flag is also cleared on successful calls to set_user() as the limit was exceeded for the previous user, not the current one. Similar check was introduced in -ow patches (without the process flag). v3 - clear PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED on successful calls to set_user(). Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26fs/exec.c:acct_arg_size(): ptl is no longer needed for add_mm_counter()Oleg Nesterov
acct_arg_size() takes ->page_table_lock around add_mm_counter() if !SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING. This is not needed after commit 172703b08cd0 ("mm: delete non-atomic mm counter implementation"). Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26exec: do not retry load_binary method if CONFIG_MODULES=nTetsuo Handa
If CONFIG_MODULES=n, it makes no sense to retry the list of binary formats handler because the list will not be modified by request_module(). Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26exec: do not call request_module() twice from search_binary_handler()Tetsuo Handa
Currently, search_binary_handler() tries to load binary loader module using request_module() if a loader for the requested program is not yet loaded. But second attempt of request_module() does not affect the result of search_binary_handler(). If request_module() triggered recursion, calling request_module() twice causes 2 to the power of MAX_KMOD_CONCURRENT (= 50) repetitions. It is not an infinite loop but is sufficient for users to consider as a hang up. Therefore, this patch changes not to call request_module() twice, making 1 to the power of MAX_KMOD_CONCURRENT repetitions in case of recursion. Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Reported-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Tested-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26fs/exec.c: use BUILD_BUG_ON for VM_STACK_FLAGS & VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUPMichal Hocko
Commit a8bef8ff6ea1 ("mm: migration: avoid race between shift_arg_pages() and rmap_walk() during migration by not migrating temporary stacks") introduced a BUG_ON() to ensure that VM_STACK_FLAGS and VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP do not overlap. The check is a compile time one, so BUILD_BUG_ON is more appropriate. Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26do_coredump: fix the "ispipe" error checkOleg Nesterov
do_coredump() assumes that if format_corename() fails it should return -ENOMEM. This is not true, for example cn_print_exe_file() can propagate the error from d_path. Even if it was true, this is too fragile. Change the code to check "ispipe < 0". Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26coredump: escape / in hostname and commJiri Slaby
Change every occurence of / in comm and hostname to !. If the process changes its name to contain /, the core is not dumped (if the directory tree doesn't exist like that). The same with hostname being something like myhost/3. Fix this behaviour by using the escape loop used in %E. (We extract it to a separate function.) Now both with comm == myprocess/1 and hostname == myhost/1, the core is dumped like (kernel.core_pattern='core.%p.%e.%h): core.2349.myprocess!1.myhost!1 Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-26coredump: use task comm instead of (unknown)Jiri Slaby
If we don't know the file corresponding to the binary (i.e. exe_file is unknown), use "task->comm (path unknown)" instead of simple "(unknown)" as suggested by ak. The fallback is the same as %e except it will append "(path unknown)". Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-07-22Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6 * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6: (107 commits) vfs: use ERR_CAST for err-ptr tossing in lookup_instantiate_filp isofs: Remove global fs lock jffs2: fix IN_DELETE_SELF on overwriting rename() killing a directory fix IN_DELETE_SELF on overwriting rename() on ramfs et.al. mm/truncate.c: fix build for CONFIG_BLOCK not enabled fs:update the NOTE of the file_operations structure Remove dead code in dget_parent() AFS: Fix silly characters in a comment switch d_add_ci() to d_splice_alias() in "found negative" case as well simplify gfs2_lookup() jfs_lookup(): don't bother with . or .. get rid of useless dget_parent() in btrfs rename() and link() get rid of useless dget_parent() in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c fs: push i_mutex and filemap_write_and_wait down into ->fsync() handlers drivers: fix up various ->llseek() implementations fs: handle SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA properly in all fs's that define their own llseek Ext4: handle SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA generically Btrfs: implement our own ->llseek fs: add SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA flags reiserfs: make reiserfs default to barrier=flush ... Fix up trivial conflicts in fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_super.c due to the new shrinker callout for the inode cache, that clashed with the xfs code to start the periodic workers later.
2011-07-22Merge branch 'ptrace' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/miscLinus Torvalds
* 'ptrace' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc: (39 commits) ptrace: do_wait(traced_leader_killed_by_mt_exec) can block forever ptrace: fix ptrace_signal() && STOP_DEQUEUED interaction connector: add an event for monitoring process tracers ptrace: dont send SIGSTOP on auto-attach if PT_SEIZED ptrace: mv send-SIGSTOP from do_fork() to ptrace_init_task() ptrace_init_task: initialize child->jobctl explicitly has_stopped_jobs: s/task_is_stopped/SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED/ ptrace: make former thread ID available via PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG after PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC stop ptrace: wait_consider_task: s/same_thread_group/ptrace_reparented/ ptrace: kill real_parent_is_ptracer() in in favor of ptrace_reparented() ptrace: ptrace_reparented() should check same_thread_group() redefine thread_group_leader() as exit_signal >= 0 do not change dead_task->exit_signal kill task_detached() reparent_leader: check EXIT_DEAD instead of task_detached() make do_notify_parent() __must_check, update the callers __ptrace_detach: avoid task_detached(), check do_notify_parent() kill tracehook_notify_death() make do_notify_parent() return bool ptrace: s/tracehook_tracer_task()/ptrace_parent()/ ...
2011-07-22ptrace: do_wait(traced_leader_killed_by_mt_exec) can block foreverOleg Nesterov
Test-case: void *tfunc(void *arg) { execvp("true", NULL); return NULL; } int main(void) { int pid; if (fork()) { pthread_t t; kill(getpid(), SIGSTOP); pthread_create(&t, NULL, tfunc, NULL); for (;;) pause(); } pid = getppid(); assert(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0,0) == 0); while (wait(NULL) > 0) ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, pid, 0,0); return 0; } It is racy, exit_notify() does __wake_up_parent() too. But in the likely case it triggers the problem: de_thread() does release_task() and the old leader goes away without the notification, the tracer sleeps in do_wait() without children/tracees. Change de_thread() to do __wake_up_parent(traced_leader->parent). Since it is already EXIT_DEAD we can do this without ptrace_unlink(), EXIT_DEAD threads do not exist from do_wait's pov. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-07-20consolidate BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP handlingAl Viro
new helper: would_dump(bprm, file). Checks if we are allowed to read the file and if we are not - sets ENFORCE_NODUMP. Exported, used in places that previously open-coded the same logics. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2011-07-01ptrace: make former thread ID available via PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG after ↵Denys Vlasenko
PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC stop When multithreaded program execs under ptrace, all traced threads report WIFEXITED status, except for thread group leader and the thread which execs. Unless tracer tracks thread group relationship between tracees, which is a nontrivial task, it will not detect that execed thread no longer exists. This patch allows tracer to figure out which thread performed this exec, by requesting PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG in PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC stop. Another, samller problem which is solved by this patch is that tracer now can figure out which of the several concurrent execs in multithreaded program succeeded. Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-27redefine thread_group_leader() as exit_signal >= 0Oleg Nesterov
Change de_thread() to set old_leader->exit_signal = -1. This is good for the consistency, it is no longer the leader and all sub-threads have exit_signal = -1 set by copy_process(CLONE_THREAD). And this allows us to micro-optimize thread_group_leader(), it can simply check exit_signal >= 0. This also makes sense because we should move ->group_leader from task_struct to signal_struct. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-06-22ptrace: kill clone/exec tracehooksTejun Heo
At this point, tracehooks aren't useful to mainline kernel and mostly just add an extra layer of obfuscation. Although they have comments, without actual in-kernel users, it is difficult to tell what are their assumptions and they're actually trying to achieve. To mainline kernel, they just aren't worth keeping around. This patch kills the following clone and exec related tracehooks. tracehook_prepare_clone() tracehook_finish_clone() tracehook_report_clone() tracehook_report_clone_complete() tracehook_unsafe_exec() The changes are mostly trivial - logic is moved to the caller and comments are merged and adjusted appropriately. The only exception is in check_unsafe_exec() where LSM_UNSAFE_PTRACE* are OR'd to bprm->unsafe instead of setting it, which produces the same result as the field is always zero on entry. It also tests p->ptrace instead of (p->ptrace & PT_PTRACED) for consistency, which also gives the same result. This doesn't introduce any behavior change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-22ptrace: kill trivial tracehooksTejun Heo
At this point, tracehooks aren't useful to mainline kernel and mostly just add an extra layer of obfuscation. Although they have comments, without actual in-kernel users, it is difficult to tell what are their assumptions and they're actually trying to achieve. To mainline kernel, they just aren't worth keeping around. This patch kills the following trivial tracehooks. * Ones testing whether task is ptraced. Replace with ->ptrace test. tracehook_expect_breakpoints() tracehook_consider_ignored_signal() tracehook_consider_fatal_signal() * ptrace_event() wrappers. Call directly. tracehook_report_exec() tracehook_report_exit() tracehook_report_vfork_done() * ptrace_release_task() wrapper. Call directly. tracehook_finish_release_task() * noop tracehook_prepare_release_task() tracehook_report_death() This doesn't introduce any behavior change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-17KEYS/DNS: Fix ____call_usermodehelper() to not lose the session keyringDavid Howells
____call_usermodehelper() now erases any credentials set by the subprocess_inf::init() function. The problem is that commit 17f60a7da150 ("capabilites: allow the application of capability limits to usermode helpers") creates and commits new credentials with prepare_kernel_cred() after the call to the init() function. This wipes all keyrings after umh_keys_init() is called. The best way to deal with this is to put the init() call just prior to the commit_creds() call, and pass the cred pointer to init(). That means that umh_keys_init() and suchlike can modify the credentials _before_ they are published and potentially in use by the rest of the system. This prevents request_key() from working as it is prevented from passing the session keyring it set up with the authorisation token to /sbin/request-key, and so the latter can't assume the authority to instantiate the key. This causes the in-kernel DNS resolver to fail with ENOKEY unconditionally. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com> Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-06-15Revert "fs/exec.c: use BUILD_BUG_ON for VM_STACK_FLAGS & ↵Linus Torvalds
VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP" This reverts commit 7f81c8890c15a10f5220bebae3b6dfae4961962a. It turns out that it's not actually a build-time check on x86-64 UML, which does some seriously crazy stuff with VM_STACK_FLAGS. The VM_STACK_FLAGS define depends on the arch-supplied VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS value, and on x86-64 UML we have arch/um/sys-x86_64/shared/sysdep/vm-flags.h: #define VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS \ (test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32) ? vm_stack_flags32 : vm_stack_flags) #define VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS vm_stack_flags (yes, seriously: two different #define's for that thing, with the first one being inside an "#ifdef TIF_IA32") It's possible that it is UML that should just be fixed in this area, but for now let's just undo the (very small) optimization. Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-06-15fs/exec.c: use BUILD_BUG_ON for VM_STACK_FLAGS & VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUPMichal Hocko
Commit a8bef8ff6ea1 ("mm: migration: avoid race between shift_arg_pages() and rmap_walk() during migration by not migrating temporary stacks") introduced a BUG_ON() to ensure that VM_STACK_FLAGS and VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP do not overlap. The check is a compile time one, so BUILD_BUG_ON is more appropriate. Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-06-09exec: delay address limit change until point of no returnMathias Krause
Unconditionally changing the address limit to USER_DS and not restoring it to its old value in the error path is wrong because it prevents us using kernel memory on repeated calls to this function. This, in fact, breaks the fallback of hard coded paths to the init program from being ever successful if the first candidate fails to load. With this patch applied switching to USER_DS is delayed until the point of no return is reached which makes it possible to have a multi-arch rootfs with one arch specific init binary for each of the (hard coded) probed paths. Since the address limit is already set to USER_DS when start_thread() will be invoked, this redundancy can be safely removed. Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-06-04job control: make task_clear_jobctl_pending() clear TRAPPING automaticallyTejun Heo
JOBCTL_TRAPPING indicates that ptracer is waiting for tracee to (re)transit into TRACED. task_clear_jobctl_pending() must be called when either tracee enters TRACED or the transition is cancelled for some reason. The former is achieved by explicitly calling task_clear_jobctl_pending() in ptrace_stop() and the latter by calling it at the end of do_signal_stop(). Calling task_clear_jobctl_trapping() at the end of do_signal_stop() limits the scope TRAPPING can be used and is fragile in that seemingly unrelated changes to tracee's control flow can lead to stuck TRAPPING. We already have task_clear_jobctl_pending() calls on those cancelling events to clear JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING. Cancellations can be handled by making those call sites use JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK instead and updating task_clear_jobctl_pending() such that task_clear_jobctl_trapping() is called automatically if no stop/trap is pending. This patch makes the above changes and removes the fallback task_clear_jobctl_trapping() call from do_signal_stop(). Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04job control: introduce JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and task_clear_jobctl_pending()Tejun Heo
This patch introduces JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and replaces task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending() with task_clear_jobctl_pending() which takes an extra @mask argument. JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK is currently equal to JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING but future patches will add more bits. recalc_sigpending_tsk() is updated to use JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK instead. task_clear_jobctl_pending() takes @mask which in subset of JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and clears the relevant jobctl bits. If JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING is set, other STOP bits are cleared together. All task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending() users are updated to call task_clear_jobctl_pending() with JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING which is functionally identical to task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending(). This patch doesn't cause any functional change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04job control: rename signal->group_stop and flags to jobctl and update themTejun Heo
signal->group_stop currently hosts mostly group stop related flags; however, it's gonna be used for wider purposes and the GROUP_STOP_ flag prefix becomes confusing. Rename signal->group_stop to signal->jobctl and rename all GROUP_STOP_* flags to JOBCTL_*. Bit position macros JOBCTL_*_BIT are defined and JOBCTL_* flags are defined in terms of them to allow using bitops later. While at it, reassign JOBCTL_TRAPPING to bit 22 to better accomodate future additions. This doesn't cause any functional change. -v2: JOBCTL_*_BIT macros added as suggested by Linus. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-05-26coredump: add support for exe_file in core nameJiri Slaby
Now, exe_file is not proc FS dependent, so we can use it to name core file. So we add %E pattern for core file name cration which extract path from mm_struct->exe_file. Then it converts slashes to exclamation marks and pastes the result to the core file name itself. This is useful for environments where binary names are longer than 16 character (the current->comm limitation). Also where there are binaries with same name but in a different path. Further in case the binery itself changes its current->comm after exec. So by doing (s/$/#/ -- # is treated as git comment): $ sysctl kernel.core_pattern='core.%p.%e.%E' $ ln /bin/cat cat45678901234567890 $ ./cat45678901234567890 ^Z $ rm cat45678901234567890 $ fg ^\Quit (core dumped) $ ls core* we now get: core.2434.cat456789012345.!root!cat45678901234567890 (deleted) Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-05-26mm: extract exe_file handling from procfsJiri Slaby
Setup and cleanup of mm_struct->exe_file is currently done in fs/proc/. This was because exe_file was needed only for /proc/<pid>/exe. Since we will need the exe_file functionality also for core dumps (so core name can contain full binary path), built this functionality always into the kernel. To achieve that move that out of proc FS to the kernel/ where in fact it should belong. By doing that we can make dup_mm_exe_file static. Also we can drop linux/proc_fs.h inclusion in fs/exec.c and kernel/fork.c. Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-05-25mm: mmu_gather reworkPeter Zijlstra
Rework the existing mmu_gather infrastructure. The direct purpose of these patches was to allow preemptible mmu_gather, but even without that I think these patches provide an improvement to the status quo. The first 9 patches rework the mmu_gather infrastructure. For review purpose I've split them into generic and per-arch patches with the last of those a generic cleanup. The next patch provides generic RCU page-table freeing, and the followup is a patch converting s390 to use this. I've also got 4 patches from DaveM lined up (not included in this series) that uses this to implement gup_fast() for sparc64. Then there is one patch that extends the generic mmu_gather batching. After that follow the mm preemptibility patches, these make part of the mm a lot more preemptible. It converts i_mmap_lock and anon_vma->lock to mutexes which together with the mmu_gather rework makes mmu_gather preemptible as well. Making i_mmap_lock a mutex also enables a clean-up of the truncate code. This also allows for preemptible mmu_notifiers, something that XPMEM I think wants. Furthermore, it removes the new and universially detested unmap_mutex. This patch: Remove the first obstacle towards a fully preemptible mmu_gather. The current scheme assumes mmu_gather is always done with preemption disabled and uses per-cpu storage for the page batches. Change this to try and allocate a page for batching and in case of failure, use a small on-stack array to make some progress. Preemptible mmu_gather is desired in general and usable once i_mmap_lock becomes a mutex. Doing it before the mutex conversion saves us from having to rework the code by moving the mmu_gather bits inside the pte_lock. Also avoid flushing the tlb batches from under the pte lock, this is useful even without the i_mmap_lock conversion as it significantly reduces pte lock hold times. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment tpyo] Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-05-25mm: make expand_downwards() symmetrical with expand_upwards()Michal Hocko
Currently we have expand_upwards exported while expand_downwards is accessible only via expand_stack or expand_stack_downwards. check_stack_guard_page is a nice example of the asymmetry. It uses expand_stack for VM_GROWSDOWN while expand_upwards is called for VM_GROWSUP case. Let's clean this up by exporting both functions and make those names consistent. Let's use expand_{upwards,downwards} because expanding doesn't always involve stack manipulation (an example is ia64_do_page_fault which uses expand_upwards for registers backing store expansion). expand_downwards has to be defined for both CONFIG_STACK_GROWS{UP,DOWN} because get_arg_page calls the downwards version in the early process initialization phase for growsup configuration. Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-05-23Merge branch 'tty-next' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty-2.6 * 'tty-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty-2.6: (48 commits) serial: 8250_pci: add support for Cronyx Omega PCI multiserial board. tty/serial: Fix break handling for PORT_TEGRA tty/serial: Add explicit PORT_TEGRA type n_tracerouter and n_tracesink ldisc additions. Intel PTI implementaiton of MIPI 1149.7. Kernel documentation for the PTI feature. export kernel call get_task_comm(). tty: Remove to support serial for S5P6442 pch_phub: Support new device ML7223 8250_pci: Add support for the Digi/IBM PCIe 2-port Adapter ASoC: Update cx20442 for TTY API change pch_uart: Support new device ML7223 IOH parport: Use request_muxed_region for IT87 probe and lock tty/serial: add support for Xilinx PS UART n_gsm: Use print_hex_dump_bytes drivers/tty/moxa.c: Put correct tty value TTY: tty_io, annotate locking functions TTY: serial_core, remove superfluous set_task_state TTY: serial_core, remove invalid test Char: moxa, fix locking in moxa_write ... Fix up trivial conflicts in drivers/bluetooth/hci_ldisc.c and drivers/tty/serial/Makefile. I did the hci_ldisc thing as an evil merge, cleaning things up.
2011-05-23Merge branch 'exec_rm_compat' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc * 'exec_rm_compat' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc: exec: document acct_arg_size() exec: unify do_execve/compat_do_execve code exec: introduce struct user_arg_ptr exec: introduce get_user_arg_ptr() helper
2011-05-13export kernel call get_task_comm().J Freyensee
This allows drivers who call this function to be compiled modularly. Otherwise, a driver who is interested in this type of functionality has to implement their own get_task_comm() call, causing code duplication in the Linux source tree. Signed-off-by: J Freyensee <james_p_freyensee@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2011-04-09exec: document acct_arg_size()Oleg Nesterov
Add the comment to explain acct_arg_size(). Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
2011-04-09exec: unify do_execve/compat_do_execve codeOleg Nesterov
Add the appropriate members into struct user_arg_ptr and teach get_user_arg_ptr() to handle is_compat = T case correctly. This allows us to remove the compat_do_execve() code from fs/compat.c and reimplement compat_do_execve() as the trivial wrapper on top of do_execve_common(is_compat => true). In fact, this fixes another (minor) bug. "compat_uptr_t str" can overflow after "str += len" in compat_copy_strings() if a 64bit application execs via sys32_execve(). Unexport acct_arg_size() and get_arg_page(), fs/compat.c doesn't need them any longer. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
2011-04-09exec: introduce struct user_arg_ptrOleg Nesterov
No functional changes, preparation. Introduce struct user_arg_ptr, change do_execve() paths to use it instead of "char __user * const __user *argv". This makes the argv/envp arguments opaque, we are ready to handle the compat case which needs argv pointing to compat_uptr_t. Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
2011-04-09exec: introduce get_user_arg_ptr() helperOleg Nesterov
Introduce get_user_arg_ptr() helper, convert count() and copy_strings() to use it. No functional changes, preparation. This helper is trivial, it just reads the pointer from argv/envp user-space array. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
2011-03-23signal: Use GROUP_STOP_PENDING to stop once for a single group stopTejun Heo
Currently task->signal->group_stop_count is used to decide whether to stop for group stop. However, if there is a task in the group which is taking a long time to stop, other tasks which are continued by ptrace would repeatedly stop for the same group stop until the group stop is complete. Conversely, if a ptraced task is in TASK_TRACED state, the debugger won't get notified of group stops which is inconsistent compared to the ptraced task in any other state. This patch introduces GROUP_STOP_PENDING which tracks whether a task is yet to stop for the group stop in progress. The flag is set when a group stop starts and cleared when the task stops the first time for the group stop, and consulted whenever whether the task should participate in a group stop needs to be determined. Note that now tasks in TASK_TRACED also participate in group stop. This results in the following behavior changes. * For a single group stop, a ptracer would see at most one stop reported. * A ptracee in TASK_TRACED now also participates in group stop and the tracer would get the notification. However, as a ptraced task could be in TASK_STOPPED state or any ptrace trap could consume group stop, the notification may still be missing. These will be addressed with further patches. * A ptracee may start a group stop while one is still in progress if the tracer let it continue with stop signal delivery. Group stop code handles this correctly. Oleg: * Spotted that a task might skip signal check even when its GROUP_STOP_PENDING is set. Fixed by updating recalc_sigpending_tsk() to check GROUP_STOP_PENDING instead of group_stop_count. * Pointed out that task->group_stop should be cleared whenever task->signal->group_stop_count is cleared. Fixed accordingly. * Pointed out the behavior inconsistency between TASK_TRACED and RUNNING and the last behavior change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-21Small typo fix...Holger Hans Peter Freyther
Hi, I was backporting the coredump over pipe feature and noticed this small typo, I wish I would have something bigger to contribute... >From 15d6080e0ed4267da103c706917a33b1015e8804 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Holger Hans Peter Freyther <holger@moiji-mobile.com> Date: Thu, 24 Feb 2011 17:42:50 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] fs: Fix a small typo in the comment The function is called umh_pipe_setup not uhm_pipe_setup. Signed-off-by: Holger Hans Peter Freyther <holger@moiji-mobile.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2011-03-14switch do_filp_open() to struct open_flagsAl Viro
take calculation of open_flags by open(2) arguments into new helper in fs/open.c, move filp_open() over there, have it and do_sys_open() use that helper, switch exec.c callers of do_filp_open() to explicit (and constant) struct open_flags. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2011-02-02vfs: sparse: add __FMODE_EXECNamhyung Kim
FMODE_EXEC is a constant type of fmode_t but was used with normal integer constants. This results in following warnings from sparse. Fix it using new macro __FMODE_EXEC. fs/exec.c:116:58: warning: restricted fmode_t degrades to integer fs/exec.c:689:58: warning: restricted fmode_t degrades to integer fs/fcntl.c:777:9: warning: restricted fmode_t degrades to integer Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-12-15install_special_mapping skips security_file_mmap check.Tavis Ormandy
The install_special_mapping routine (used, for example, to setup the vdso) skips the security check before insert_vm_struct, allowing a local attacker to bypass the mmap_min_addr security restriction by limiting the available pages for special mappings. bprm_mm_init() also skips the check, and although I don't think this can be used to bypass any restrictions, I don't see any reason not to have the security check. $ uname -m x86_64 $ cat /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr 65536 $ cat install_special_mapping.s section .bss resb BSS_SIZE section .text global _start _start: mov eax, __NR_pause int 0x80 $ nasm -D__NR_pause=29 -DBSS_SIZE=0xfffed000 -f elf -o install_special_mapping.o install_special_mapping.s $ ld -m elf_i386 -Ttext=0x10000 -Tbss=0x11000 -o install_special_mapping install_special_mapping.o $ ./install_special_mapping & [1] 14303 $ cat /proc/14303/maps 0000f000-00010000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] 00010000-00011000 r-xp 00001000 00:19 2453665 /home/taviso/install_special_mapping 00011000-ffffe000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 [stack] It's worth noting that Red Hat are shipping with mmap_min_addr set to 4096. Signed-off-by: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees@ubuntu.com> Acked-by: Robert Swiecki <swiecki@google.com> [ Changed to not drop the error code - akpm ] Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-11-30exec: copy-and-paste the fixes into compat_do_execve() pathsOleg Nesterov
Note: this patch targets 2.6.37 and tries to be as simple as possible. That is why it adds more copy-and-paste horror into fs/compat.c and uglifies fs/exec.c, this will be cleanuped later. compat_copy_strings() plays with bprm->vma/mm directly and thus has two problems: it lacks the RLIMIT_STACK check and argv/envp memory is not visible to oom killer. Export acct_arg_size() and get_arg_page(), change compat_copy_strings() to use get_arg_page(), change compat_do_execve() to do acct_arg_size(0) as do_execve() does. Add the fatal_signal_pending/cond_resched checks into compat_count() and compat_copy_strings(), this matches the code in fs/exec.c and certainly makes sense. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-11-30exec: make argv/envp memory visible to oom-killerOleg Nesterov
Brad Spengler published a local memory-allocation DoS that evades the OOM-killer (though not the virtual memory RLIMIT): http://www.grsecurity.net/~spender/64bit_dos.c execve()->copy_strings() can allocate a lot of memory, but this is not visible to oom-killer, nobody can see the nascent bprm->mm and take it into account. With this patch get_arg_page() increments current's MM_ANONPAGES counter every time we allocate the new page for argv/envp. When do_execve() succeds or fails, we change this counter back. Technically this is not 100% correct, we can't know if the new page is swapped out and turn MM_ANONPAGES into MM_SWAPENTS, but I don't think this really matters and everything becomes correct once exec changes ->mm or fails. Reported-by: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net> Reviewed-and-discussed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-27exec: don't turn PF_KTHREAD off when a target command was not foundKOSAKI Motohiro
Presently do_execve() turns PF_KTHREAD off before search_binary_handler(). THis has a theorical risk of PF_KTHREAD getting lost. We don't have to turn PF_KTHREAD off in the ENOEXEC case. This patch moves this flag modification to after the finding of the executable file. This is only a theorical issue because kthreads do not call do_execve() directly. But fixing would be better. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-27core_pattern: fix truncation by core_pattern handler with long parametersXiaotian Feng
We met a parameter truncated issue, consider following: > echo "|/root/core_pattern_pipe_test %p /usr/libexec/blah-blah-blah \ %s %c %p %u %g 11 12345678901234567890123456789012345678 %t" > \ /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern This is okay because the strings is less than CORENAME_MAX_SIZE. "cat /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern" shows the whole string. but after we run core_pattern_pipe_test in man page, we found last parameter was truncated like below: argc[10]=<12807486> The root cause is core_pattern allows % specifiers, which need to be replaced during parse time, but the replace may expand the strings to larger than CORENAME_MAX_SIZE. So if the last parameter is % specifiers, the replace code is using snprintf(out_ptr, out_end - out_ptr, ...), this will write out of corename array. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Xiaotian Feng <dfeng@redhat.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-27signals: move cred_guard_mutex from task_struct to signal_structKOSAKI Motohiro
Oleg Nesterov pointed out we have to prevent multiple-threads-inside-exec itself and we can reuse ->cred_guard_mutex for it. Yes, concurrent execve() has no worth. Let's move ->cred_guard_mutex from task_struct to signal_struct. It naturally prevent multiple-threads-inside-exec. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-26oom: add per-mm oom disable countYing Han
It's pointless to kill a task if another thread sharing its mm cannot be killed to allow future memory freeing. A subsequent patch will prevent kills in such cases, but first it's necessary to have a way to flag a task that shares memory with an OOM_DISABLE task that doesn't incur an additional tasklist scan, which would make select_bad_process() an O(n^2) function. This patch adds an atomic counter to struct mm_struct that follows how many threads attached to it have an oom_score_adj of OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN. They cannot be killed by the kernel, so their memory cannot be freed in oom conditions. This only requires task_lock() on the task that we're operating on, it does not require mm->mmap_sem since task_lock() pins the mm and the operation is atomic. [rientjes@google.com: changelog and sys_unshare() code] [rientjes@google.com: protect oom_disable_count with task_lock in fork] [rientjes@google.com: use old_mm for oom_disable_count in exec] Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-14Export dump_{write,seek} to binary loader modulesLinus Torvalds
If you build aout support as a module, you'll want these exported. Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>