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The Itanium architecture is obsolete, and an informal survey [0] reveals
that any residual use of Itanium hardware in production is mostly HP-UX
or OpenVMS based. The use of Linux on Itanium appears to be limited to
enthusiasts that occasionally boot a fresh Linux kernel to see whether
things are still working as intended, and perhaps to churn out some
distro packages that are rarely used in practice.
None of the original companies behind Itanium still produce or support
any hardware or software for the architecture, and it is listed as
'Orphaned' in the MAINTAINERS file, as apparently, none of the engineers
that contributed on behalf of those companies (nor anyone else, for that
matter) have been willing to support or maintain the architecture
upstream or even be responsible for applying the odd fix. The Intel
firmware team removed all IA-64 support from the Tianocore/EDK2
reference implementation of EFI in 2018. (Itanium is the original
architecture for which EFI was developed, and the way Linux supports it
deviates significantly from other architectures.) Some distros, such as
Debian and Gentoo, still maintain [unofficial] ia64 ports, but many have
dropped support years ago.
While the argument is being made [1] that there is a 'for the common
good' angle to being able to build and run existing projects such as the
Grid Community Toolkit [2] on Itanium for interoperability testing, the
fact remains that none of those projects are known to be deployed on
Linux/ia64, and very few people actually have access to such a system in
the first place. Even if there were ways imaginable in which Linux/ia64
could be put to good use today, what matters is whether anyone is
actually doing that, and this does not appear to be the case.
There are no emulators widely available, and so boot testing Itanium is
generally infeasible for ordinary contributors. GCC still supports IA-64
but its compile farm [3] no longer has any IA-64 machines. GLIBC would
like to get rid of IA-64 [4] too because it would permit some overdue
code cleanups. In summary, the benefits to the ecosystem of having IA-64
be part of it are mostly theoretical, whereas the maintenance overhead
of keeping it supported is real.
So let's rip off the band aid, and remove the IA-64 arch code entirely.
This follows the timeline proposed by the Debian/ia64 maintainer [5],
which removes support in a controlled manner, leaving IA-64 in a known
good state in the most recent LTS release. Other projects will follow
once the kernel support is removed.
[0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAMj1kXFCMh_578jniKpUtx_j8ByHnt=s7S+yQ+vGbKt9ud7+kQ@mail.gmail.com/
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/0075883c-7c51-00f5-2c2d-5119c1820410@web.de/
[2] https://gridcf.org/gct-docs/latest/index.html
[3] https://cfarm.tetaneutral.net/machines/list/
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/all/87bkiilpc4.fsf@mid.deneb.enyo.de/
[5] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ff58a3e76e5102c94bb5946d99187b358def688a.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de/
Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
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By taking GENERIC_IOREMAP method, the generic generic_ioremap_prot(),
generic_iounmap(), and their generic wrapper ioremap_prot(), ioremap() and
iounmap() are all visible and available to arch. Arch needs to provide
wrapper functions to override the generic versions if there's arch
specific handling in its ioremap_prot(), ioremap() or iounmap(). This
change will simplify implementation by removing duplicated code with
generic_ioremap_prot() and generic_iounmap(), and has the equivalent
functioality as before.
Here, add wrapper functions ioremap_prot() and iounmap() for ia64's
special operation when ioremap() and iounmap().
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230706154520.11257-9-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy. Move
Documentation/ia64 into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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The defconfig compiles without linux/mm.h. With mm.h included the
include chain leands to:
| CC kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.o
| In file included from include/linux/huge_mm.h:8,
| from include/linux/mm.h:567,
| from arch/ia64/include/asm/uaccess.h:,
| from include/linux/uaccess.h:11,
| from include/linux/sched/task.h:11,
| from include/linux/sched/signal.h:9,
| from include/linux/rcuwait.h:6,
| from include/linux/percpu-rwsem.h:8,
| from kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c:6:
| include/linux/fs.h:1422:29: error: array type has incomplete element type 'struct percpu_rw_semaphore'
| 1422 | struct percpu_rw_semaphore rw_sem[SB_FREEZE_LEVELS];
once rcuwait.h includes linux/sched/signal.h.
Remove the linux/mm.h include.
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200321113241.624070289@linutronix.de
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On ia64 ioremap_nocache fails if attributes don't match. Not other
architectures does this, and we plan to get rid of ioremap_nocache.
So get rid of the special semantics and define ioremap_nocache in
terms of ioremap as no portable driver could rely on the behavior
anyway.
However x86 implements ioremap_uc in a similar way as the ia64
version of ioremap_nocache, in that it ignores the firmware tables.
Switch ia64 to override ioremap_uc instead.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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Rename the ia64 documentation files to ReST, add an
index for them and adjust in order to produce a nice html
output via the Sphinx build system.
There are two upper case file names. Rename them to
lower case, as we're working to avoid upper case file
names at Documentation.
At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
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Based on 2 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation #
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-only
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 4122 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Enrico Weigelt <info@metux.net>
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190604081206.933168790@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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On ia64 system, the function early_ioremap returned an uncached memory
reference without checking whether this was consistent with existing
mappings. This causes efi error and the kernel failed during boot. Add a
check to test whether memory has EFI_MEMORY_WB set. Use the function
kern_mem_attribute() in early_iomap() function to provide appropriate
cacheable or uncacheable mapped address.
See the document Documentation/ia64/aliasing.txt for more details.
Signed-off-by: Li, Zhen-Hua <zhen-hual@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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Needed for commit 2c992208 ("intel-iommu: Detect DMAR in hyperspace at
probe time.) to build on IA64.
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
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Example memory map (from HP sx1000 with VGA enabled):
0x00000 - 0x9FFFF supports only WB (cacheable) access
0xA0000 - 0xBFFFF supports only UC (uncacheable) access
0xC0000 - 0xFFFFF supports only WB (cacheable) access
pci_read_rom() indirectly uses ioremap(0xC0000) to read the shadow VGA option
ROM. ioremap() used to default to a 16MB or 64MB UC kernel identity mapping,
which would cause an MCA when reading 0xC0000 since only WB is supported there.
X uses reads the option ROM to initialize devices. A smaller test case is:
# echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:aa:03.0/rom
# cp /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:aa:03.0/rom x
To avoid this, we can use the same ioremap_page_range() strategy that most
architectures use for all ioremaps. These page table mappings come out of the
vmalloc area. On ia64, these are in region 5 (0xA... addresses) and typically
use 16KB or 64KB mappings instead of 16MB or 64MB mappings. The smaller
mappings give more flexibility to use the correct attributes.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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No functional change, just use the same names as i386.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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Fix some sparse warnings on ia64. Large constants that should be long
instead of int. Use NULL instead of 0. Add some missing __iomem
casts. Replace a non-C99 structure assignment.
Signed-off-by: Keith Owens <kaos@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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This closes a couple holes in our attribute aliasing avoidance scheme:
- The current kernel fails mmaps of some /dev/mem MMIO regions because
they don't appear in the EFI memory map. This keeps X from working
on the Intel Tiger box.
- The current kernel allows UC mmap of the 0-1MB region of
/sys/.../legacy_mem even when the chipset doesn't support UC
access. This causes an MCA when starting X on HP rx7620 and rx8620
boxes in the default configuration.
There's more detail in the Documentation/ia64/aliasing.txt file this
adds, but the general idea is that if a region might be covered by
a granule-sized kernel identity mapping, any access via /dev/mem or
mmap must use the same attribute as the identity mapping.
Otherwise, we fall back to using an attribute that is supported
according to the EFI memory map, or to using UC if the EFI memory
map doesn't mention the region.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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efi_memmap_init() collects full granules of WB memory, without
regard for whether they also support UC. So in order for ioremap()
to work for main memory, it must prefer WB mappings when possible.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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Check the EFI memory map so we can use the correct memory attributes for
ioremap(). Previously, we always used uncacheable access, which blows up on
some machines for regular system memory.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Matt Domsch <Matt_Domsch@dell.com>
Cc: "Tolentino, Matthew E" <matthew.e.tolentino@intel.com>
Cc: "Brown, Len" <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Acked-by: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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