Merge tag 'wq-for-6.7-rust-bindings' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq

Pull workqueue rust bindings from Tejun Heo:
 "Add rust bindings to allow rust code to schedule work items on
  workqueues.

  While the current bindings don't cover all of the workqueue API, it
  provides enough for basic usage and can be expanded as needed"

* tag 'wq-for-6.7-rust-bindings' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
  rust: workqueue: add examples
  rust: workqueue: add `try_spawn` helper method
  rust: workqueue: implement `WorkItemPointer` for pointer types
  rust: workqueue: add helper for defining work_struct fields
  rust: workqueue: define built-in queues
  rust: workqueue: add low-level workqueue bindings
  rust: sync: add `Arc::{from_raw, into_raw}`

5 files changed, 740 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h b/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
index c91a3c24f607..85f013ed4ca4 100644
--- a/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
+++ b/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <linux/refcount.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
 
 /* `bindgen` gets confused at certain things. */
 const size_t BINDINGS_ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN = ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN;
diff --git a/rust/helpers.c b/rust/helpers.c
index 4c86fe4a7e05..70e59efd92bc 100644
--- a/rust/helpers.c
+++ b/rust/helpers.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
 
 __noreturn void rust_helper_BUG(void)
 {
@@ -144,6 +145,18 @@ struct kunit *rust_helper_kunit_get_current_test(void)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rust_helper_kunit_get_current_test);
 
+void rust_helper_init_work_with_key(struct work_struct *work, work_func_t func,
+				    bool onstack, const char *name,
+				    struct lock_class_key *key)
+{
+	__init_work(work, onstack);
+	work->data = (atomic_long_t)WORK_DATA_INIT();
+	lockdep_init_map(&work->lockdep_map, name, key, 0);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&work->entry);
+	work->func = func;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rust_helper_init_work_with_key);
+
 /*
  * `bindgen` binds the C `size_t` type as the Rust `usize` type, so we can
  * use it in contexts where Rust expects a `usize` like slice (array) indices.
diff --git a/rust/kernel/lib.rs b/rust/kernel/lib.rs
index e8811700239a..e6aff80b521f 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/lib.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/lib.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 #![feature(coerce_unsized)]
 #![feature(dispatch_from_dyn)]
 #![feature(new_uninit)]
+#![feature(offset_of)]
+#![feature(ptr_metadata)]
 #![feature(receiver_trait)]
 #![feature(unsize)]
 
@@ -45,6 +47,7 @@ pub mod str;
 pub mod sync;
 pub mod task;
 pub mod types;
+pub mod workqueue;
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
 pub use bindings;
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs
index 7f04e4f00a2c..77cdbcf7bd2e 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use alloc::boxed::Box;
 use core::{
-    alloc::AllocError,
+    alloc::{AllocError, Layout},
     fmt,
     marker::{PhantomData, Unsize},
     mem::{ManuallyDrop, MaybeUninit},
     ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
     pin::Pin,
-    ptr::NonNull,
+    ptr::{NonNull, Pointee},
 };
 use macros::pin_data;
 
@@ -215,6 +215,48 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Convert the [`Arc`] into a raw pointer.
+    ///
+    /// The raw pointer has ownership of the refcount that this Arc object owned.
+    pub fn into_raw(self) -> *const T {
+        let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr();
+        core::mem::forget(self);
+        // SAFETY: The pointer is valid.
+        unsafe { core::ptr::addr_of!((*ptr).data) }
+    }
+
+    /// Recreates an [`Arc`] instance previously deconstructed via [`Arc::into_raw`].
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `ptr` must have been returned by a previous call to [`Arc::into_raw`]. Additionally, it
+    /// must not be called more than once for each previous call to [`Arc::into_raw`].
+    pub unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *const T) -> Self {
+        let refcount_layout = Layout::new::<bindings::refcount_t>();
+        // SAFETY: The caller guarantees that the pointer is valid.
+        let val_layout = Layout::for_value(unsafe { &*ptr });
+        // SAFETY: We're computing the layout of a real struct that existed when compiling this
+        // binary, so its layout is not so large that it can trigger arithmetic overflow.
+        let val_offset = unsafe { refcount_layout.extend(val_layout).unwrap_unchecked().1 };
+
+        let metadata: <T as Pointee>::Metadata = core::ptr::metadata(ptr);
+        // SAFETY: The metadata of `T` and `ArcInner<T>` is the same because `ArcInner` is a struct
+        // with `T` as its last field.
+        //
+        // This is documented at:
+        // <https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/trait.Pointee.html>.
+        let metadata: <ArcInner<T> as Pointee>::Metadata =
+            unsafe { core::mem::transmute_copy(&metadata) };
+        // SAFETY: The pointer is in-bounds of an allocation both before and after offsetting the
+        // pointer, since it originates from a previous call to `Arc::into_raw` and is still valid.
+        let ptr = unsafe { (ptr as *mut u8).sub(val_offset) as *mut () };
+        let ptr = core::ptr::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, metadata);
+
+        // SAFETY: By the safety requirements we know that `ptr` came from `Arc::into_raw`, so the
+        // reference count held then will be owned by the new `Arc` object.
+        unsafe { Self::from_inner(NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr)) }
+    }
+
     /// Returns an [`ArcBorrow`] from the given [`Arc`].
     ///
     /// This is useful when the argument of a function call is an [`ArcBorrow`] (e.g., in a method
diff --git a/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b67fb1ba168e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,679 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+//! Work queues.
+//!
+//! This file has two components: The raw work item API, and the safe work item API.
+//!
+//! One pattern that is used in both APIs is the `ID` const generic, which exists to allow a single
+//! type to define multiple `work_struct` fields. This is done by choosing an id for each field,
+//! and using that id to specify which field you wish to use. (The actual value doesn't matter, as
+//! long as you use different values for different fields of the same struct.) Since these IDs are
+//! generic, they are used only at compile-time, so they shouldn't exist in the final binary.
+//!
+//! # The raw API
+//!
+//! The raw API consists of the `RawWorkItem` trait, where the work item needs to provide an
+//! arbitrary function that knows how to enqueue the work item. It should usually not be used
+//! directly, but if you want to, you can use it without using the pieces from the safe API.
+//!
+//! # The safe API
+//!
+//! The safe API is used via the `Work` struct and `WorkItem` traits. Furthermore, it also includes
+//! a trait called `WorkItemPointer`, which is usually not used directly by the user.
+//!
+//!  * The `Work` struct is the Rust wrapper for the C `work_struct` type.
+//!  * The `WorkItem` trait is implemented for structs that can be enqueued to a workqueue.
+//!  * The `WorkItemPointer` trait is implemented for the pointer type that points at a something
+//!    that implements `WorkItem`.
+//!
+//! ## Example
+//!
+//! This example defines a struct that holds an integer and can be scheduled on the workqueue. When
+//! the struct is executed, it will print the integer. Since there is only one `work_struct` field,
+//! we do not need to specify ids for the fields.
+//!
+//! ```
+//! use kernel::prelude::*;
+//! use kernel::sync::Arc;
+//! use kernel::workqueue::{self, Work, WorkItem};
+//! use kernel::{impl_has_work, new_work};
+//!
+//! #[pin_data]
+//! struct MyStruct {
+//!     value: i32,
+//!     #[pin]
+//!     work: Work<MyStruct>,
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl_has_work! {
+//!     impl HasWork<Self> for MyStruct { self.work }
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl MyStruct {
+//!     fn new(value: i32) -> Result<Arc<Self>> {
+//!         Arc::pin_init(pin_init!(MyStruct {
+//!             value,
+//!             work <- new_work!("MyStruct::work"),
+//!         }))
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl WorkItem for MyStruct {
+//!     type Pointer = Arc<MyStruct>;
+//!
+//!     fn run(this: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!         pr_info!("The value is: {}", this.value);
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! /// This method will enqueue the struct for execution on the system workqueue, where its value
+//! /// will be printed.
+//! fn print_later(val: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!     let _ = workqueue::system().enqueue(val);
+//! }
+//! ```
+//!
+//! The following example shows how multiple `work_struct` fields can be used:
+//!
+//! ```
+//! use kernel::prelude::*;
+//! use kernel::sync::Arc;
+//! use kernel::workqueue::{self, Work, WorkItem};
+//! use kernel::{impl_has_work, new_work};
+//!
+//! #[pin_data]
+//! struct MyStruct {
+//!     value_1: i32,
+//!     value_2: i32,
+//!     #[pin]
+//!     work_1: Work<MyStruct, 1>,
+//!     #[pin]
+//!     work_2: Work<MyStruct, 2>,
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl_has_work! {
+//!     impl HasWork<Self, 1> for MyStruct { self.work_1 }
+//!     impl HasWork<Self, 2> for MyStruct { self.work_2 }
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl MyStruct {
+//!     fn new(value_1: i32, value_2: i32) -> Result<Arc<Self>> {
+//!         Arc::pin_init(pin_init!(MyStruct {
+//!             value_1,
+//!             value_2,
+//!             work_1 <- new_work!("MyStruct::work_1"),
+//!             work_2 <- new_work!("MyStruct::work_2"),
+//!         }))
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl WorkItem<1> for MyStruct {
+//!     type Pointer = Arc<MyStruct>;
+//!
+//!     fn run(this: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!         pr_info!("The value is: {}", this.value_1);
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl WorkItem<2> for MyStruct {
+//!     type Pointer = Arc<MyStruct>;
+//!
+//!     fn run(this: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!         pr_info!("The second value is: {}", this.value_2);
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! fn print_1_later(val: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!     let _ = workqueue::system().enqueue::<Arc<MyStruct>, 1>(val);
+//! }
+//!
+//! fn print_2_later(val: Arc<MyStruct>) {
+//!     let _ = workqueue::system().enqueue::<Arc<MyStruct>, 2>(val);
+//! }
+//! ```
+//!
+//! C header: [`include/linux/workqueue.h`](../../../../include/linux/workqueue.h)
+
+use crate::{bindings, prelude::*, sync::Arc, sync::LockClassKey, types::Opaque};
+use alloc::alloc::AllocError;
+use alloc::boxed::Box;
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+use core::pin::Pin;
+
+/// Creates a [`Work`] initialiser with the given name and a newly-created lock class.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! new_work {
+    ($($name:literal)?) => {
+        $crate::workqueue::Work::new($crate::optional_name!($($name)?), $crate::static_lock_class!())
+    };
+}
+
+/// A kernel work queue.
+///
+/// Wraps the kernel's C `struct workqueue_struct`.
+///
+/// It allows work items to be queued to run on thread pools managed by the kernel. Several are
+/// always available, for example, `system`, `system_highpri`, `system_long`, etc.
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct Queue(Opaque<bindings::workqueue_struct>);
+
+// SAFETY: Accesses to workqueues used by [`Queue`] are thread-safe.
+unsafe impl Send for Queue {}
+// SAFETY: Accesses to workqueues used by [`Queue`] are thread-safe.
+unsafe impl Sync for Queue {}
+
+impl Queue {
+    /// Use the provided `struct workqueue_struct` with Rust.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The caller must ensure that the provided raw pointer is not dangling, that it points at a
+    /// valid workqueue, and that it remains valid until the end of 'a.
+    pub unsafe fn from_raw<'a>(ptr: *const bindings::workqueue_struct) -> &'a Queue {
+        // SAFETY: The `Queue` type is `#[repr(transparent)]`, so the pointer cast is valid. The
+        // caller promises that the pointer is not dangling.
+        unsafe { &*(ptr as *const Queue) }
+    }
+
+    /// Enqueues a work item.
+    ///
+    /// This may fail if the work item is already enqueued in a workqueue.
+    ///
+    /// The work item will be submitted using `WORK_CPU_UNBOUND`.
+    pub fn enqueue<W, const ID: u64>(&self, w: W) -> W::EnqueueOutput
+    where
+        W: RawWorkItem<ID> + Send + 'static,
+    {
+        let queue_ptr = self.0.get();
+
+        // SAFETY: We only return `false` if the `work_struct` is already in a workqueue. The other
+        // `__enqueue` requirements are not relevant since `W` is `Send` and static.
+        //
+        // The call to `bindings::queue_work_on` will dereference the provided raw pointer, which
+        // is ok because `__enqueue` guarantees that the pointer is valid for the duration of this
+        // closure.
+        //
+        // Furthermore, if the C workqueue code accesses the pointer after this call to
+        // `__enqueue`, then the work item was successfully enqueued, and `bindings::queue_work_on`
+        // will have returned true. In this case, `__enqueue` promises that the raw pointer will
+        // stay valid until we call the function pointer in the `work_struct`, so the access is ok.
+        unsafe {
+            w.__enqueue(move |work_ptr| {
+                bindings::queue_work_on(bindings::WORK_CPU_UNBOUND as _, queue_ptr, work_ptr)
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Tries to spawn the given function or closure as a work item.
+    ///
+    /// This method can fail because it allocates memory to store the work item.
+    pub fn try_spawn<T: 'static + Send + FnOnce()>(&self, func: T) -> Result<(), AllocError> {
+        let init = pin_init!(ClosureWork {
+            work <- new_work!("Queue::try_spawn"),
+            func: Some(func),
+        });
+
+        self.enqueue(Box::pin_init(init).map_err(|_| AllocError)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// A helper type used in `try_spawn`.
+#[pin_data]
+struct ClosureWork<T> {
+    #[pin]
+    work: Work<ClosureWork<T>>,
+    func: Option<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T> ClosureWork<T> {
+    fn project(self: Pin<&mut Self>) -> &mut Option<T> {
+        // SAFETY: The `func` field is not structurally pinned.
+        unsafe { &mut self.get_unchecked_mut().func }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: FnOnce()> WorkItem for ClosureWork<T> {
+    type Pointer = Pin<Box<Self>>;
+
+    fn run(mut this: Pin<Box<Self>>) {
+        if let Some(func) = this.as_mut().project().take() {
+            (func)()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A raw work item.
+///
+/// This is the low-level trait that is designed for being as general as possible.
+///
+/// The `ID` parameter to this trait exists so that a single type can provide multiple
+/// implementations of this trait. For example, if a struct has multiple `work_struct` fields, then
+/// you will implement this trait once for each field, using a different id for each field. The
+/// actual value of the id is not important as long as you use different ids for different fields
+/// of the same struct. (Fields of different structs need not use different ids.)
+///
+/// Note that the id is used only to select the right method to call during compilation. It wont be
+/// part of the final executable.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// Implementers must ensure that any pointers passed to a `queue_work_on` closure by `__enqueue`
+/// remain valid for the duration specified in the guarantees section of the documentation for
+/// `__enqueue`.
+pub unsafe trait RawWorkItem<const ID: u64> {
+    /// The return type of [`Queue::enqueue`].
+    type EnqueueOutput;
+
+    /// Enqueues this work item on a queue using the provided `queue_work_on` method.
+    ///
+    /// # Guarantees
+    ///
+    /// If this method calls the provided closure, then the raw pointer is guaranteed to point at a
+    /// valid `work_struct` for the duration of the call to the closure. If the closure returns
+    /// true, then it is further guaranteed that the pointer remains valid until someone calls the
+    /// function pointer stored in the `work_struct`.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The provided closure may only return `false` if the `work_struct` is already in a workqueue.
+    ///
+    /// If the work item type is annotated with any lifetimes, then you must not call the function
+    /// pointer after any such lifetime expires. (Never calling the function pointer is okay.)
+    ///
+    /// If the work item type is not [`Send`], then the function pointer must be called on the same
+    /// thread as the call to `__enqueue`.
+    unsafe fn __enqueue<F>(self, queue_work_on: F) -> Self::EnqueueOutput
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(*mut bindings::work_struct) -> bool;
+}
+
+/// Defines the method that should be called directly when a work item is executed.
+///
+/// This trait is implemented by `Pin<Box<T>>` and `Arc<T>`, and is mainly intended to be
+/// implemented for smart pointer types. For your own structs, you would implement [`WorkItem`]
+/// instead. The `run` method on this trait will usually just perform the appropriate
+/// `container_of` translation and then call into the `run` method from the [`WorkItem`] trait.
+///
+/// This trait is used when the `work_struct` field is defined using the [`Work`] helper.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// Implementers must ensure that [`__enqueue`] uses a `work_struct` initialized with the [`run`]
+/// method of this trait as the function pointer.
+///
+/// [`__enqueue`]: RawWorkItem::__enqueue
+/// [`run`]: WorkItemPointer::run
+pub unsafe trait WorkItemPointer<const ID: u64>: RawWorkItem<ID> {
+    /// Run this work item.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The provided `work_struct` pointer must originate from a previous call to `__enqueue` where
+    /// the `queue_work_on` closure returned true, and the pointer must still be valid.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn run(ptr: *mut bindings::work_struct);
+}
+
+/// Defines the method that should be called when this work item is executed.
+///
+/// This trait is used when the `work_struct` field is defined using the [`Work`] helper.
+pub trait WorkItem<const ID: u64 = 0> {
+    /// The pointer type that this struct is wrapped in. This will typically be `Arc<Self>` or
+    /// `Pin<Box<Self>>`.
+    type Pointer: WorkItemPointer<ID>;
+
+    /// The method that should be called when this work item is executed.
+    fn run(this: Self::Pointer);
+}
+
+/// Links for a work item.
+///
+/// This struct contains a function pointer to the `run` function from the [`WorkItemPointer`]
+/// trait, and defines the linked list pointers necessary to enqueue a work item in a workqueue.
+///
+/// Wraps the kernel's C `struct work_struct`.
+///
+/// This is a helper type used to associate a `work_struct` with the [`WorkItem`] that uses it.
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct Work<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64 = 0> {
+    work: Opaque<bindings::work_struct>,
+    _inner: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+// SAFETY: Kernel work items are usable from any thread.
+//
+// We do not need to constrain `T` since the work item does not actually contain a `T`.
+unsafe impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Send for Work<T, ID> {}
+// SAFETY: Kernel work items are usable from any thread.
+//
+// We do not need to constrain `T` since the work item does not actually contain a `T`.
+unsafe impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Sync for Work<T, ID> {}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Work<T, ID> {
+    /// Creates a new instance of [`Work`].
+    #[inline]
+    #[allow(clippy::new_ret_no_self)]
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self>
+    where
+        T: WorkItem<ID>,
+    {
+        // SAFETY: The `WorkItemPointer` implementation promises that `run` can be used as the work
+        // item function.
+        unsafe {
+            kernel::init::pin_init_from_closure(move |slot| {
+                let slot = Self::raw_get(slot);
+                bindings::init_work_with_key(
+                    slot,
+                    Some(T::Pointer::run),
+                    false,
+                    name.as_char_ptr(),
+                    key.as_ptr(),
+                );
+                Ok(())
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get a pointer to the inner `work_struct`.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The provided pointer must not be dangling and must be properly aligned. (But the memory
+    /// need not be initialized.)
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn raw_get(ptr: *const Self) -> *mut bindings::work_struct {
+        // SAFETY: The caller promises that the pointer is aligned and not dangling.
+        //
+        // A pointer cast would also be ok due to `#[repr(transparent)]`. We use `addr_of!` so that
+        // the compiler does not complain that the `work` field is unused.
+        unsafe { Opaque::raw_get(core::ptr::addr_of!((*ptr).work)) }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Declares that a type has a [`Work<T, ID>`] field.
+///
+/// The intended way of using this trait is via the [`impl_has_work!`] macro. You can use the macro
+/// like this:
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// use kernel::impl_has_work;
+/// use kernel::prelude::*;
+/// use kernel::workqueue::Work;
+///
+/// struct MyWorkItem {
+///     work_field: Work<MyWorkItem, 1>,
+/// }
+///
+/// impl_has_work! {
+///     impl HasWork<MyWorkItem, 1> for MyWorkItem { self.work_field }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Note that since the `Work` type is annotated with an id, you can have several `work_struct`
+/// fields by using a different id for each one.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The [`OFFSET`] constant must be the offset of a field in Self of type [`Work<T, ID>`]. The methods on
+/// this trait must have exactly the behavior that the definitions given below have.
+///
+/// [`Work<T, ID>`]: Work
+/// [`impl_has_work!`]: crate::impl_has_work
+/// [`OFFSET`]: HasWork::OFFSET
+pub unsafe trait HasWork<T, const ID: u64 = 0> {
+    /// The offset of the [`Work<T, ID>`] field.
+    ///
+    /// [`Work<T, ID>`]: Work
+    const OFFSET: usize;
+
+    /// Returns the offset of the [`Work<T, ID>`] field.
+    ///
+    /// This method exists because the [`OFFSET`] constant cannot be accessed if the type is not Sized.
+    ///
+    /// [`Work<T, ID>`]: Work
+    /// [`OFFSET`]: HasWork::OFFSET
+    #[inline]
+    fn get_work_offset(&self) -> usize {
+        Self::OFFSET
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a pointer to the [`Work<T, ID>`] field.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The provided pointer must point at a valid struct of type `Self`.
+    ///
+    /// [`Work<T, ID>`]: Work
+    #[inline]
+    unsafe fn raw_get_work(ptr: *mut Self) -> *mut Work<T, ID> {
+        // SAFETY: The caller promises that the pointer is valid.
+        unsafe { (ptr as *mut u8).add(Self::OFFSET) as *mut Work<T, ID> }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a pointer to the struct containing the [`Work<T, ID>`] field.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The pointer must point at a [`Work<T, ID>`] field in a struct of type `Self`.
+    ///
+    /// [`Work<T, ID>`]: Work
+    #[inline]
+    unsafe fn work_container_of(ptr: *mut Work<T, ID>) -> *mut Self
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        // SAFETY: The caller promises that the pointer points at a field of the right type in the
+        // right kind of struct.
+        unsafe { (ptr as *mut u8).sub(Self::OFFSET) as *mut Self }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Used to safely implement the [`HasWork<T, ID>`] trait.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```
+/// use kernel::impl_has_work;
+/// use kernel::sync::Arc;
+/// use kernel::workqueue::{self, Work};
+///
+/// struct MyStruct {
+///     work_field: Work<MyStruct, 17>,
+/// }
+///
+/// impl_has_work! {
+///     impl HasWork<MyStruct, 17> for MyStruct { self.work_field }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// [`HasWork<T, ID>`]: HasWork
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! impl_has_work {
+    ($(impl$(<$($implarg:ident),*>)?
+       HasWork<$work_type:ty $(, $id:tt)?>
+       for $self:ident $(<$($selfarg:ident),*>)?
+       { self.$field:ident }
+    )*) => {$(
+        // SAFETY: The implementation of `raw_get_work` only compiles if the field has the right
+        // type.
+        unsafe impl$(<$($implarg),*>)? $crate::workqueue::HasWork<$work_type $(, $id)?> for $self $(<$($selfarg),*>)? {
+            const OFFSET: usize = ::core::mem::offset_of!(Self, $field) as usize;
+
+            #[inline]
+            unsafe fn raw_get_work(ptr: *mut Self) -> *mut $crate::workqueue::Work<$work_type $(, $id)?> {
+                // SAFETY: The caller promises that the pointer is not dangling.
+                unsafe {
+                    ::core::ptr::addr_of_mut!((*ptr).$field)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    )*};
+}
+
+impl_has_work! {
+    impl<T> HasWork<Self> for ClosureWork<T> { self.work }
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T, const ID: u64> WorkItemPointer<ID> for Arc<T>
+where
+    T: WorkItem<ID, Pointer = Self>,
+    T: HasWork<T, ID>,
+{
+    unsafe extern "C" fn run(ptr: *mut bindings::work_struct) {
+        // SAFETY: The `__enqueue` method always uses a `work_struct` stored in a `Work<T, ID>`.
+        let ptr = ptr as *mut Work<T, ID>;
+        // SAFETY: This computes the pointer that `__enqueue` got from `Arc::into_raw`.
+        let ptr = unsafe { T::work_container_of(ptr) };
+        // SAFETY: This pointer comes from `Arc::into_raw` and we've been given back ownership.
+        let arc = unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) };
+
+        T::run(arc)
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T, const ID: u64> RawWorkItem<ID> for Arc<T>
+where
+    T: WorkItem<ID, Pointer = Self>,
+    T: HasWork<T, ID>,
+{
+    type EnqueueOutput = Result<(), Self>;
+
+    unsafe fn __enqueue<F>(self, queue_work_on: F) -> Self::EnqueueOutput
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(*mut bindings::work_struct) -> bool,
+    {
+        // Casting between const and mut is not a problem as long as the pointer is a raw pointer.
+        let ptr = Arc::into_raw(self).cast_mut();
+
+        // SAFETY: Pointers into an `Arc` point at a valid value.
+        let work_ptr = unsafe { T::raw_get_work(ptr) };
+        // SAFETY: `raw_get_work` returns a pointer to a valid value.
+        let work_ptr = unsafe { Work::raw_get(work_ptr) };
+
+        if queue_work_on(work_ptr) {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            // SAFETY: The work queue has not taken ownership of the pointer.
+            Err(unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) })
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T, const ID: u64> WorkItemPointer<ID> for Pin<Box<T>>
+where
+    T: WorkItem<ID, Pointer = Self>,
+    T: HasWork<T, ID>,
+{
+    unsafe extern "C" fn run(ptr: *mut bindings::work_struct) {
+        // SAFETY: The `__enqueue` method always uses a `work_struct` stored in a `Work<T, ID>`.
+        let ptr = ptr as *mut Work<T, ID>;
+        // SAFETY: This computes the pointer that `__enqueue` got from `Arc::into_raw`.
+        let ptr = unsafe { T::work_container_of(ptr) };
+        // SAFETY: This pointer comes from `Arc::into_raw` and we've been given back ownership.
+        let boxed = unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) };
+        // SAFETY: The box was already pinned when it was enqueued.
+        let pinned = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(boxed) };
+
+        T::run(pinned)
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T, const ID: u64> RawWorkItem<ID> for Pin<Box<T>>
+where
+    T: WorkItem<ID, Pointer = Self>,
+    T: HasWork<T, ID>,
+{
+    type EnqueueOutput = ();
+
+    unsafe fn __enqueue<F>(self, queue_work_on: F) -> Self::EnqueueOutput
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(*mut bindings::work_struct) -> bool,
+    {
+        // SAFETY: We're not going to move `self` or any of its fields, so its okay to temporarily
+        // remove the `Pin` wrapper.
+        let boxed = unsafe { Pin::into_inner_unchecked(self) };
+        let ptr = Box::into_raw(boxed);
+
+        // SAFETY: Pointers into a `Box` point at a valid value.
+        let work_ptr = unsafe { T::raw_get_work(ptr) };
+        // SAFETY: `raw_get_work` returns a pointer to a valid value.
+        let work_ptr = unsafe { Work::raw_get(work_ptr) };
+
+        if !queue_work_on(work_ptr) {
+            // SAFETY: This method requires exclusive ownership of the box, so it cannot be in a
+            // workqueue.
+            unsafe { ::core::hint::unreachable_unchecked() }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system work queue (`system_wq`).
+///
+/// It is the one used by `schedule[_delayed]_work[_on]()`. Multi-CPU multi-threaded. There are
+/// users which expect relatively short queue flush time.
+///
+/// Callers shouldn't queue work items which can run for too long.
+pub fn system() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system high-priority work queue (`system_highpri_wq`).
+///
+/// It is similar to the one returned by [`system`] but for work items which require higher
+/// scheduling priority.
+pub fn system_highpri() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_highpri_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_highpri_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system work queue for potentially long-running work items (`system_long_wq`).
+///
+/// It is similar to the one returned by [`system`] but may host long running work items. Queue
+/// flushing might take relatively long.
+pub fn system_long() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_long_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_long_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system unbound work queue (`system_unbound_wq`).
+///
+/// Workers are not bound to any specific CPU, not concurrency managed, and all queued work items
+/// are executed immediately as long as `max_active` limit is not reached and resources are
+/// available.
+pub fn system_unbound() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_unbound_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_unbound_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system freezable work queue (`system_freezable_wq`).
+///
+/// It is equivalent to the one returned by [`system`] except that it's freezable.
+///
+/// A freezable workqueue participates in the freeze phase of the system suspend operations. Work
+/// items on the workqueue are drained and no new work item starts execution until thawed.
+pub fn system_freezable() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_freezable_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_freezable_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system power-efficient work queue (`system_power_efficient_wq`).
+///
+/// It is inclined towards saving power and is converted to "unbound" variants if the
+/// `workqueue.power_efficient` kernel parameter is specified; otherwise, it is similar to the one
+/// returned by [`system`].
+pub fn system_power_efficient() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_power_efficient_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_power_efficient_wq) }
+}
+
+/// Returns the system freezable power-efficient work queue (`system_freezable_power_efficient_wq`).
+///
+/// It is similar to the one returned by [`system_power_efficient`] except that is freezable.
+///
+/// A freezable workqueue participates in the freeze phase of the system suspend operations. Work
+/// items on the workqueue are drained and no new work item starts execution until thawed.
+pub fn system_freezable_power_efficient() -> &'static Queue {
+    // SAFETY: `system_freezable_power_efficient_wq` is a C global, always available.
+    unsafe { Queue::from_raw(bindings::system_freezable_power_efficient_wq) }
+}