Merge branch 'x86/entry' into ras/core

to fixup conflicts in arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c so MCE specific follow
up patches can be applied without creating a horrible merge conflict
afterwards.

1 files changed, 2612 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8c0035cab6b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2612 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 - Virtual Open Systems and Columbia University
+ * Author: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mman.h>
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <trace/events/kvm.h>
+#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
+#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_arm.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_mmu.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_ras.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_asm.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_emulate.h>
+#include <asm/virt.h>
+
+#include "trace.h"
+
+static pgd_t *boot_hyp_pgd;
+static pgd_t *hyp_pgd;
+static pgd_t *merged_hyp_pgd;
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+
+static unsigned long hyp_idmap_start;
+static unsigned long hyp_idmap_end;
+static phys_addr_t hyp_idmap_vector;
+
+static unsigned long io_map_base;
+
+#define hyp_pgd_order get_order(PTRS_PER_PGD * sizeof(pgd_t))
+
+#define KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_IS_IOMAP		(1UL << 0)
+#define KVM_S2_FLAG_LOGGING_ACTIVE	(1UL << 1)
+
+static bool is_iomap(unsigned long flags)
+{
+	return flags & KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_IS_IOMAP;
+}
+
+static bool memslot_is_logging(struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
+{
+	return memslot->dirty_bitmap && !(memslot->flags & KVM_MEM_READONLY);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_flush_remote_tlbs() - flush all VM TLB entries for v7/8
+ * @kvm:	pointer to kvm structure.
+ *
+ * Interface to HYP function to flush all VM TLB entries
+ */
+void kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid, kvm);
+}
+
+static void kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t ipa)
+{
+	kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa, kvm, ipa);
+}
+
+/*
+ * D-Cache management functions. They take the page table entries by
+ * value, as they are flushing the cache using the kernel mapping (or
+ * kmap on 32bit).
+ */
+static void kvm_flush_dcache_pte(pte_t pte)
+{
+	__kvm_flush_dcache_pte(pte);
+}
+
+static void kvm_flush_dcache_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	__kvm_flush_dcache_pmd(pmd);
+}
+
+static void kvm_flush_dcache_pud(pud_t pud)
+{
+	__kvm_flush_dcache_pud(pud);
+}
+
+static bool kvm_is_device_pfn(unsigned long pfn)
+{
+	return !pfn_valid(pfn);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_dissolve_pmd() - clear and flush huge PMD entry
+ * @kvm:	pointer to kvm structure.
+ * @addr:	IPA
+ * @pmd:	pmd pointer for IPA
+ *
+ * Function clears a PMD entry, flushes addr 1st and 2nd stage TLBs.
+ */
+static void stage2_dissolve_pmd(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t addr, pmd_t *pmd)
+{
+	if (!pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd))
+		return;
+
+	pmd_clear(pmd);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_dissolve_pud() - clear and flush huge PUD entry
+ * @kvm:	pointer to kvm structure.
+ * @addr:	IPA
+ * @pud:	pud pointer for IPA
+ *
+ * Function clears a PUD entry, flushes addr 1st and 2nd stage TLBs.
+ */
+static void stage2_dissolve_pud(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t addr, pud_t *pudp)
+{
+	if (!stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pudp))
+		return;
+
+	stage2_pud_clear(kvm, pudp);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pudp));
+}
+
+static int mmu_topup_memory_cache(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+				  int min, int max)
+{
+	void *page;
+
+	BUG_ON(max > KVM_NR_MEM_OBJS);
+	if (cache->nobjs >= min)
+		return 0;
+	while (cache->nobjs < max) {
+		page = (void *)__get_free_page(GFP_PGTABLE_USER);
+		if (!page)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		cache->objects[cache->nobjs++] = page;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_memory_cache(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *mc)
+{
+	while (mc->nobjs)
+		free_page((unsigned long)mc->objects[--mc->nobjs]);
+}
+
+static void *mmu_memory_cache_alloc(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *mc)
+{
+	void *p;
+
+	BUG_ON(!mc || !mc->nobjs);
+	p = mc->objects[--mc->nobjs];
+	return p;
+}
+
+static void clear_stage2_pgd_entry(struct kvm *kvm, pgd_t *pgd, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d_table __maybe_unused = stage2_p4d_offset(kvm, pgd, 0UL);
+	stage2_pgd_clear(kvm, pgd);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	stage2_p4d_free(kvm, p4d_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pgd));
+}
+
+static void clear_stage2_p4d_entry(struct kvm *kvm, p4d_t *p4d, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pud_t *pud_table __maybe_unused = stage2_pud_offset(kvm, p4d, 0);
+	stage2_p4d_clear(kvm, p4d);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	stage2_pud_free(kvm, pud_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(p4d));
+}
+
+static void clear_stage2_pud_entry(struct kvm *kvm, pud_t *pud, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd_table __maybe_unused = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, 0);
+	VM_BUG_ON(stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pud));
+	stage2_pud_clear(kvm, pud);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	stage2_pmd_free(kvm, pmd_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+}
+
+static void clear_stage2_pmd_entry(struct kvm *kvm, pmd_t *pmd, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pte_t *pte_table = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
+	VM_BUG_ON(pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd));
+	pmd_clear(pmd);
+	kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	free_page((unsigned long)pte_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t new_pte)
+{
+	WRITE_ONCE(*ptep, new_pte);
+	dsb(ishst);
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t new_pmd)
+{
+	WRITE_ONCE(*pmdp, new_pmd);
+	dsb(ishst);
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_pmd_populate(pmd_t *pmdp, pte_t *ptep)
+{
+	kvm_set_pmd(pmdp, kvm_mk_pmd(ptep));
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_pud_populate(pud_t *pudp, pmd_t *pmdp)
+{
+	WRITE_ONCE(*pudp, kvm_mk_pud(pmdp));
+	dsb(ishst);
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_p4d_populate(p4d_t *p4dp, pud_t *pudp)
+{
+	WRITE_ONCE(*p4dp, kvm_mk_p4d(pudp));
+	dsb(ishst);
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_pgd_populate(pgd_t *pgdp, p4d_t *p4dp)
+{
+#ifndef __PAGETABLE_P4D_FOLDED
+	WRITE_ONCE(*pgdp, kvm_mk_pgd(p4dp));
+	dsb(ishst);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unmapping vs dcache management:
+ *
+ * If a guest maps certain memory pages as uncached, all writes will
+ * bypass the data cache and go directly to RAM.  However, the CPUs
+ * can still speculate reads (not writes) and fill cache lines with
+ * data.
+ *
+ * Those cache lines will be *clean* cache lines though, so a
+ * clean+invalidate operation is equivalent to an invalidate
+ * operation, because no cache lines are marked dirty.
+ *
+ * Those clean cache lines could be filled prior to an uncached write
+ * by the guest, and the cache coherent IO subsystem would therefore
+ * end up writing old data to disk.
+ *
+ * This is why right after unmapping a page/section and invalidating
+ * the corresponding TLBs, we call kvm_flush_dcache_p*() to make sure
+ * the IO subsystem will never hit in the cache.
+ *
+ * This is all avoided on systems that have ARM64_HAS_STAGE2_FWB, as
+ * we then fully enforce cacheability of RAM, no matter what the guest
+ * does.
+ */
+static void unmap_stage2_ptes(struct kvm *kvm, pmd_t *pmd,
+		       phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t start_addr = addr;
+	pte_t *pte, *start_pte;
+
+	start_pte = pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+	do {
+		if (!pte_none(*pte)) {
+			pte_t old_pte = *pte;
+
+			kvm_set_pte(pte, __pte(0));
+			kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+
+			/* No need to invalidate the cache for device mappings */
+			if (!kvm_is_device_pfn(pte_pfn(old_pte)))
+				kvm_flush_dcache_pte(old_pte);
+
+			put_page(virt_to_page(pte));
+		}
+	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
+
+	if (stage2_pte_table_empty(kvm, start_pte))
+		clear_stage2_pmd_entry(kvm, pmd, start_addr);
+}
+
+static void unmap_stage2_pmds(struct kvm *kvm, pud_t *pud,
+		       phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next, start_addr = addr;
+	pmd_t *pmd, *start_pmd;
+
+	start_pmd = pmd = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pmd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+			if (pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd)) {
+				pmd_t old_pmd = *pmd;
+
+				pmd_clear(pmd);
+				kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+
+				kvm_flush_dcache_pmd(old_pmd);
+
+				put_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+			} else {
+				unmap_stage2_ptes(kvm, pmd, addr, next);
+			}
+		}
+	} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (stage2_pmd_table_empty(kvm, start_pmd))
+		clear_stage2_pud_entry(kvm, pud, start_addr);
+}
+
+static void unmap_stage2_puds(struct kvm *kvm, p4d_t *p4d,
+		       phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next, start_addr = addr;
+	pud_t *pud, *start_pud;
+
+	start_pud = pud = stage2_pud_offset(kvm, p4d, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pud_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pud)) {
+			if (stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pud)) {
+				pud_t old_pud = *pud;
+
+				stage2_pud_clear(kvm, pud);
+				kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+				kvm_flush_dcache_pud(old_pud);
+				put_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+			} else {
+				unmap_stage2_pmds(kvm, pud, addr, next);
+			}
+		}
+	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (stage2_pud_table_empty(kvm, start_pud))
+		clear_stage2_p4d_entry(kvm, p4d, start_addr);
+}
+
+static void unmap_stage2_p4ds(struct kvm *kvm, pgd_t *pgd,
+		       phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next, start_addr = addr;
+	p4d_t *p4d, *start_p4d;
+
+	start_p4d = p4d = stage2_p4d_offset(kvm, pgd, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_p4d_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_p4d_none(kvm, *p4d))
+			unmap_stage2_puds(kvm, p4d, addr, next);
+	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (stage2_p4d_table_empty(kvm, start_p4d))
+		clear_stage2_pgd_entry(kvm, pgd, start_addr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * unmap_stage2_range -- Clear stage2 page table entries to unmap a range
+ * @kvm:   The VM pointer
+ * @start: The intermediate physical base address of the range to unmap
+ * @size:  The size of the area to unmap
+ *
+ * Clear a range of stage-2 mappings, lowering the various ref-counts.  Must
+ * be called while holding mmu_lock (unless for freeing the stage2 pgd before
+ * destroying the VM), otherwise another faulting VCPU may come in and mess
+ * with things behind our backs.
+ */
+static void unmap_stage2_range(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t start, u64 size)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	phys_addr_t addr = start, end = start + size;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	WARN_ON(size & ~PAGE_MASK);
+
+	pgd = kvm->arch.pgd + stage2_pgd_index(kvm, addr);
+	do {
+		/*
+		 * Make sure the page table is still active, as another thread
+		 * could have possibly freed the page table, while we released
+		 * the lock.
+		 */
+		if (!READ_ONCE(kvm->arch.pgd))
+			break;
+		next = stage2_pgd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_pgd_none(kvm, *pgd))
+			unmap_stage2_p4ds(kvm, pgd, addr, next);
+		/*
+		 * If the range is too large, release the kvm->mmu_lock
+		 * to prevent starvation and lockup detector warnings.
+		 */
+		if (next != end)
+			cond_resched_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void stage2_flush_ptes(struct kvm *kvm, pmd_t *pmd,
+			      phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pte_t *pte;
+
+	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+	do {
+		if (!pte_none(*pte) && !kvm_is_device_pfn(pte_pfn(*pte)))
+			kvm_flush_dcache_pte(*pte);
+	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void stage2_flush_pmds(struct kvm *kvm, pud_t *pud,
+			      phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	pmd = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pmd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+			if (pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd))
+				kvm_flush_dcache_pmd(*pmd);
+			else
+				stage2_flush_ptes(kvm, pmd, addr, next);
+		}
+	} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void stage2_flush_puds(struct kvm *kvm, p4d_t *p4d,
+			      phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	pud = stage2_pud_offset(kvm, p4d, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pud_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pud)) {
+			if (stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pud))
+				kvm_flush_dcache_pud(*pud);
+			else
+				stage2_flush_pmds(kvm, pud, addr, next);
+		}
+	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void stage2_flush_p4ds(struct kvm *kvm, pgd_t *pgd,
+			      phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	p4d = stage2_p4d_offset(kvm, pgd, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_p4d_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_p4d_none(kvm, *p4d))
+			stage2_flush_puds(kvm, p4d, addr, next);
+	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void stage2_flush_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+				 struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
+{
+	phys_addr_t addr = memslot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	phys_addr_t end = addr + PAGE_SIZE * memslot->npages;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+
+	pgd = kvm->arch.pgd + stage2_pgd_index(kvm, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pgd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_pgd_none(kvm, *pgd))
+			stage2_flush_p4ds(kvm, pgd, addr, next);
+
+		if (next != end)
+			cond_resched_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_flush_vm - Invalidate cache for pages mapped in stage 2
+ * @kvm: The struct kvm pointer
+ *
+ * Go through the stage 2 page tables and invalidate any cache lines
+ * backing memory already mapped to the VM.
+ */
+static void stage2_flush_vm(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	struct kvm_memslots *slots;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
+	int idx;
+
+	idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+
+	slots = kvm_memslots(kvm);
+	kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots)
+		stage2_flush_memslot(kvm, memslot);
+
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, idx);
+}
+
+static void clear_hyp_pgd_entry(pgd_t *pgd)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d_table __maybe_unused = p4d_offset(pgd, 0UL);
+	pgd_clear(pgd);
+	p4d_free(NULL, p4d_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pgd));
+}
+
+static void clear_hyp_p4d_entry(p4d_t *p4d)
+{
+	pud_t *pud_table __maybe_unused = pud_offset(p4d, 0UL);
+	VM_BUG_ON(p4d_huge(*p4d));
+	p4d_clear(p4d);
+	pud_free(NULL, pud_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(p4d));
+}
+
+static void clear_hyp_pud_entry(pud_t *pud)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd_table __maybe_unused = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
+	VM_BUG_ON(pud_huge(*pud));
+	pud_clear(pud);
+	pmd_free(NULL, pmd_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+}
+
+static void clear_hyp_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd)
+{
+	pte_t *pte_table = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
+	VM_BUG_ON(pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd));
+	pmd_clear(pmd);
+	pte_free_kernel(NULL, pte_table);
+	put_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_ptes(pmd_t *pmd, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pte_t *pte, *start_pte;
+
+	start_pte = pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+	do {
+		if (!pte_none(*pte)) {
+			kvm_set_pte(pte, __pte(0));
+			put_page(virt_to_page(pte));
+		}
+	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
+
+	if (hyp_pte_table_empty(start_pte))
+		clear_hyp_pmd_entry(pmd);
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_pmds(pud_t *pud, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next;
+	pmd_t *pmd, *start_pmd;
+
+	start_pmd = pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+	do {
+		next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
+		/* Hyp doesn't use huge pmds */
+		if (!pmd_none(*pmd))
+			unmap_hyp_ptes(pmd, addr, next);
+	} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (hyp_pmd_table_empty(start_pmd))
+		clear_hyp_pud_entry(pud);
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_puds(p4d_t *p4d, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next;
+	pud_t *pud, *start_pud;
+
+	start_pud = pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
+	do {
+		next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
+		/* Hyp doesn't use huge puds */
+		if (!pud_none(*pud))
+			unmap_hyp_pmds(pud, addr, next);
+	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (hyp_pud_table_empty(start_pud))
+		clear_hyp_p4d_entry(p4d);
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_p4ds(pgd_t *pgd, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	phys_addr_t next;
+	p4d_t *p4d, *start_p4d;
+
+	start_p4d = p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
+	do {
+		next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
+		/* Hyp doesn't use huge p4ds */
+		if (!p4d_none(*p4d))
+			unmap_hyp_puds(p4d, addr, next);
+	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	if (hyp_p4d_table_empty(start_p4d))
+		clear_hyp_pgd_entry(pgd);
+}
+
+static unsigned int kvm_pgd_index(unsigned long addr, unsigned int ptrs_per_pgd)
+{
+	return (addr >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (ptrs_per_pgd - 1);
+}
+
+static void __unmap_hyp_range(pgd_t *pgdp, unsigned long ptrs_per_pgd,
+			      phys_addr_t start, u64 size)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	phys_addr_t addr = start, end = start + size;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't unmap anything from HYP, except at the hyp tear down.
+	 * Hence, we don't have to invalidate the TLBs here.
+	 */
+	pgd = pgdp + kvm_pgd_index(addr, ptrs_per_pgd);
+	do {
+		next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
+		if (!pgd_none(*pgd))
+			unmap_hyp_p4ds(pgd, addr, next);
+	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_range(pgd_t *pgdp, phys_addr_t start, u64 size)
+{
+	__unmap_hyp_range(pgdp, PTRS_PER_PGD, start, size);
+}
+
+static void unmap_hyp_idmap_range(pgd_t *pgdp, phys_addr_t start, u64 size)
+{
+	__unmap_hyp_range(pgdp, __kvm_idmap_ptrs_per_pgd(), start, size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * free_hyp_pgds - free Hyp-mode page tables
+ *
+ * Assumes hyp_pgd is a page table used strictly in Hyp-mode and
+ * therefore contains either mappings in the kernel memory area (above
+ * PAGE_OFFSET), or device mappings in the idmap range.
+ *
+ * boot_hyp_pgd should only map the idmap range, and is only used in
+ * the extended idmap case.
+ */
+void free_hyp_pgds(void)
+{
+	pgd_t *id_pgd;
+
+	mutex_lock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+
+	id_pgd = boot_hyp_pgd ? boot_hyp_pgd : hyp_pgd;
+
+	if (id_pgd) {
+		/* In case we never called hyp_mmu_init() */
+		if (!io_map_base)
+			io_map_base = hyp_idmap_start;
+		unmap_hyp_idmap_range(id_pgd, io_map_base,
+				      hyp_idmap_start + PAGE_SIZE - io_map_base);
+	}
+
+	if (boot_hyp_pgd) {
+		free_pages((unsigned long)boot_hyp_pgd, hyp_pgd_order);
+		boot_hyp_pgd = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (hyp_pgd) {
+		unmap_hyp_range(hyp_pgd, kern_hyp_va(PAGE_OFFSET),
+				(uintptr_t)high_memory - PAGE_OFFSET);
+
+		free_pages((unsigned long)hyp_pgd, hyp_pgd_order);
+		hyp_pgd = NULL;
+	}
+	if (merged_hyp_pgd) {
+		clear_page(merged_hyp_pgd);
+		free_page((unsigned long)merged_hyp_pgd);
+		merged_hyp_pgd = NULL;
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+}
+
+static void create_hyp_pte_mappings(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
+				    unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn,
+				    pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	pte_t *pte;
+	unsigned long addr;
+
+	addr = start;
+	do {
+		pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+		kvm_set_pte(pte, kvm_pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pte));
+		pfn++;
+	} while (addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
+}
+
+static int create_hyp_pmd_mappings(pud_t *pud, unsigned long start,
+				   unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn,
+				   pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte;
+	unsigned long addr, next;
+
+	addr = start;
+	do {
+		pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+
+		BUG_ON(pmd_sect(*pmd));
+
+		if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+			pte = pte_alloc_one_kernel(NULL);
+			if (!pte) {
+				kvm_err("Cannot allocate Hyp pte\n");
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+			kvm_pmd_populate(pmd, pte);
+			get_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+		}
+
+		next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
+
+		create_hyp_pte_mappings(pmd, addr, next, pfn, prot);
+		pfn += (next - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	} while (addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int create_hyp_pud_mappings(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long start,
+				   unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn,
+				   pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	unsigned long addr, next;
+	int ret;
+
+	addr = start;
+	do {
+		pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
+
+		if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud)) {
+			pmd = pmd_alloc_one(NULL, addr);
+			if (!pmd) {
+				kvm_err("Cannot allocate Hyp pmd\n");
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+			kvm_pud_populate(pud, pmd);
+			get_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+		}
+
+		next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
+		ret = create_hyp_pmd_mappings(pud, addr, next, pfn, prot);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		pfn += (next - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	} while (addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int create_hyp_p4d_mappings(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start,
+				   unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn,
+				   pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	pud_t *pud;
+	unsigned long addr, next;
+	int ret;
+
+	addr = start;
+	do {
+		p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
+
+		if (p4d_none(*p4d)) {
+			pud = pud_alloc_one(NULL, addr);
+			if (!pud) {
+				kvm_err("Cannot allocate Hyp pud\n");
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+			kvm_p4d_populate(p4d, pud);
+			get_page(virt_to_page(p4d));
+		}
+
+		next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
+		ret = create_hyp_pud_mappings(p4d, addr, next, pfn, prot);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		pfn += (next - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	} while (addr = next, addr != end);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __create_hyp_mappings(pgd_t *pgdp, unsigned long ptrs_per_pgd,
+				 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
+				 unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	unsigned long addr, next;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+	addr = start & PAGE_MASK;
+	end = PAGE_ALIGN(end);
+	do {
+		pgd = pgdp + kvm_pgd_index(addr, ptrs_per_pgd);
+
+		if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
+			p4d = p4d_alloc_one(NULL, addr);
+			if (!p4d) {
+				kvm_err("Cannot allocate Hyp p4d\n");
+				err = -ENOMEM;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			kvm_pgd_populate(pgd, p4d);
+			get_page(virt_to_page(pgd));
+		}
+
+		next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
+		err = create_hyp_p4d_mappings(pgd, addr, next, pfn, prot);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		pfn += (next - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	} while (addr = next, addr != end);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static phys_addr_t kvm_kaddr_to_phys(void *kaddr)
+{
+	if (!is_vmalloc_addr(kaddr)) {
+		BUG_ON(!virt_addr_valid(kaddr));
+		return __pa(kaddr);
+	} else {
+		return page_to_phys(vmalloc_to_page(kaddr)) +
+		       offset_in_page(kaddr);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * create_hyp_mappings - duplicate a kernel virtual address range in Hyp mode
+ * @from:	The virtual kernel start address of the range
+ * @to:		The virtual kernel end address of the range (exclusive)
+ * @prot:	The protection to be applied to this range
+ *
+ * The same virtual address as the kernel virtual address is also used
+ * in Hyp-mode mapping (modulo HYP_PAGE_OFFSET) to the same underlying
+ * physical pages.
+ */
+int create_hyp_mappings(void *from, void *to, pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	phys_addr_t phys_addr;
+	unsigned long virt_addr;
+	unsigned long start = kern_hyp_va((unsigned long)from);
+	unsigned long end = kern_hyp_va((unsigned long)to);
+
+	if (is_kernel_in_hyp_mode())
+		return 0;
+
+	start = start & PAGE_MASK;
+	end = PAGE_ALIGN(end);
+
+	for (virt_addr = start; virt_addr < end; virt_addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
+		int err;
+
+		phys_addr = kvm_kaddr_to_phys(from + virt_addr - start);
+		err = __create_hyp_mappings(hyp_pgd, PTRS_PER_PGD,
+					    virt_addr, virt_addr + PAGE_SIZE,
+					    __phys_to_pfn(phys_addr),
+					    prot);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __create_hyp_private_mapping(phys_addr_t phys_addr, size_t size,
+					unsigned long *haddr, pgprot_t prot)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd = hyp_pgd;
+	unsigned long base;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+
+	/*
+	 * This assumes that we have enough space below the idmap
+	 * page to allocate our VAs. If not, the check below will
+	 * kick. A potential alternative would be to detect that
+	 * overflow and switch to an allocation above the idmap.
+	 *
+	 * The allocated size is always a multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
+	 */
+	size = PAGE_ALIGN(size + offset_in_page(phys_addr));
+	base = io_map_base - size;
+
+	/*
+	 * Verify that BIT(VA_BITS - 1) hasn't been flipped by
+	 * allocating the new area, as it would indicate we've
+	 * overflowed the idmap/IO address range.
+	 */
+	if ((base ^ io_map_base) & BIT(VA_BITS - 1))
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+	else
+		io_map_base = base;
+
+	mutex_unlock(&kvm_hyp_pgd_mutex);
+
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (__kvm_cpu_uses_extended_idmap())
+		pgd = boot_hyp_pgd;
+
+	ret = __create_hyp_mappings(pgd, __kvm_idmap_ptrs_per_pgd(),
+				    base, base + size,
+				    __phys_to_pfn(phys_addr), prot);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	*haddr = base + offset_in_page(phys_addr);
+
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * create_hyp_io_mappings - Map IO into both kernel and HYP
+ * @phys_addr:	The physical start address which gets mapped
+ * @size:	Size of the region being mapped
+ * @kaddr:	Kernel VA for this mapping
+ * @haddr:	HYP VA for this mapping
+ */
+int create_hyp_io_mappings(phys_addr_t phys_addr, size_t size,
+			   void __iomem **kaddr,
+			   void __iomem **haddr)
+{
+	unsigned long addr;
+	int ret;
+
+	*kaddr = ioremap(phys_addr, size);
+	if (!*kaddr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (is_kernel_in_hyp_mode()) {
+		*haddr = *kaddr;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ret = __create_hyp_private_mapping(phys_addr, size,
+					   &addr, PAGE_HYP_DEVICE);
+	if (ret) {
+		iounmap(*kaddr);
+		*kaddr = NULL;
+		*haddr = NULL;
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	*haddr = (void __iomem *)addr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * create_hyp_exec_mappings - Map an executable range into HYP
+ * @phys_addr:	The physical start address which gets mapped
+ * @size:	Size of the region being mapped
+ * @haddr:	HYP VA for this mapping
+ */
+int create_hyp_exec_mappings(phys_addr_t phys_addr, size_t size,
+			     void **haddr)
+{
+	unsigned long addr;
+	int ret;
+
+	BUG_ON(is_kernel_in_hyp_mode());
+
+	ret = __create_hyp_private_mapping(phys_addr, size,
+					   &addr, PAGE_HYP_EXEC);
+	if (ret) {
+		*haddr = NULL;
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	*haddr = (void *)addr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_alloc_stage2_pgd - allocate level-1 table for stage-2 translation.
+ * @kvm:	The KVM struct pointer for the VM.
+ *
+ * Allocates only the stage-2 HW PGD level table(s) of size defined by
+ * stage2_pgd_size(kvm).
+ *
+ * Note we don't need locking here as this is only called when the VM is
+ * created, which can only be done once.
+ */
+int kvm_alloc_stage2_pgd(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	phys_addr_t pgd_phys;
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+
+	if (kvm->arch.pgd != NULL) {
+		kvm_err("kvm_arch already initialized?\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate the HW PGD, making sure that each page gets its own refcount */
+	pgd = alloc_pages_exact(stage2_pgd_size(kvm), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
+	if (!pgd)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	pgd_phys = virt_to_phys(pgd);
+	if (WARN_ON(pgd_phys & ~kvm_vttbr_baddr_mask(kvm)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	kvm->arch.pgd = pgd;
+	kvm->arch.pgd_phys = pgd_phys;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void stage2_unmap_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+				 struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
+{
+	hva_t hva = memslot->userspace_addr;
+	phys_addr_t addr = memslot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	phys_addr_t size = PAGE_SIZE * memslot->npages;
+	hva_t reg_end = hva + size;
+
+	/*
+	 * A memory region could potentially cover multiple VMAs, and any holes
+	 * between them, so iterate over all of them to find out if we should
+	 * unmap any of them.
+	 *
+	 *     +--------------------------------------------+
+	 * +---------------+----------------+   +----------------+
+	 * |   : VMA 1     |      VMA 2     |   |    VMA 3  :    |
+	 * +---------------+----------------+   +----------------+
+	 *     |               memory region                |
+	 *     +--------------------------------------------+
+	 */
+	do {
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(current->mm, hva);
+		hva_t vm_start, vm_end;
+
+		if (!vma || vma->vm_start >= reg_end)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * Take the intersection of this VMA with the memory region
+		 */
+		vm_start = max(hva, vma->vm_start);
+		vm_end = min(reg_end, vma->vm_end);
+
+		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP)) {
+			gpa_t gpa = addr + (vm_start - memslot->userspace_addr);
+			unmap_stage2_range(kvm, gpa, vm_end - vm_start);
+		}
+		hva = vm_end;
+	} while (hva < reg_end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_unmap_vm - Unmap Stage-2 RAM mappings
+ * @kvm: The struct kvm pointer
+ *
+ * Go through the memregions and unmap any regular RAM
+ * backing memory already mapped to the VM.
+ */
+void stage2_unmap_vm(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	struct kvm_memslots *slots;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
+	int idx;
+
+	idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
+	mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+
+	slots = kvm_memslots(kvm);
+	kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots)
+		stage2_unmap_memslot(kvm, memslot);
+
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, idx);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_free_stage2_pgd - free all stage-2 tables
+ * @kvm:	The KVM struct pointer for the VM.
+ *
+ * Walks the level-1 page table pointed to by kvm->arch.pgd and frees all
+ * underlying level-2 and level-3 tables before freeing the actual level-1 table
+ * and setting the struct pointer to NULL.
+ */
+void kvm_free_stage2_pgd(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	void *pgd = NULL;
+
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	if (kvm->arch.pgd) {
+		unmap_stage2_range(kvm, 0, kvm_phys_size(kvm));
+		pgd = READ_ONCE(kvm->arch.pgd);
+		kvm->arch.pgd = NULL;
+		kvm->arch.pgd_phys = 0;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+
+	/* Free the HW pgd, one page at a time */
+	if (pgd)
+		free_pages_exact(pgd, stage2_pgd_size(kvm));
+}
+
+static p4d_t *stage2_get_p4d(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+			     phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+
+	pgd = kvm->arch.pgd + stage2_pgd_index(kvm, addr);
+	if (stage2_pgd_none(kvm, *pgd)) {
+		if (!cache)
+			return NULL;
+		p4d = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(cache);
+		stage2_pgd_populate(kvm, pgd, p4d);
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pgd));
+	}
+
+	return stage2_p4d_offset(kvm, pgd, addr);
+}
+
+static pud_t *stage2_get_pud(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+			     phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	pud_t *pud;
+
+	p4d = stage2_get_p4d(kvm, cache, addr);
+	if (stage2_p4d_none(kvm, *p4d)) {
+		if (!cache)
+			return NULL;
+		pud = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(cache);
+		stage2_p4d_populate(kvm, p4d, pud);
+		get_page(virt_to_page(p4d));
+	}
+
+	return stage2_pud_offset(kvm, p4d, addr);
+}
+
+static pmd_t *stage2_get_pmd(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+			     phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+
+	pud = stage2_get_pud(kvm, cache, addr);
+	if (!pud || stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pud))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pud)) {
+		if (!cache)
+			return NULL;
+		pmd = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(cache);
+		stage2_pud_populate(kvm, pud, pmd);
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+	}
+
+	return stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, addr);
+}
+
+static int stage2_set_pmd_huge(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache
+			       *cache, phys_addr_t addr, const pmd_t *new_pmd)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd, old_pmd;
+
+retry:
+	pmd = stage2_get_pmd(kvm, cache, addr);
+	VM_BUG_ON(!pmd);
+
+	old_pmd = *pmd;
+	/*
+	 * Multiple vcpus faulting on the same PMD entry, can
+	 * lead to them sequentially updating the PMD with the
+	 * same value. Following the break-before-make
+	 * (pmd_clear() followed by tlb_flush()) process can
+	 * hinder forward progress due to refaults generated
+	 * on missing translations.
+	 *
+	 * Skip updating the page table if the entry is
+	 * unchanged.
+	 */
+	if (pmd_val(old_pmd) == pmd_val(*new_pmd))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (pmd_present(old_pmd)) {
+		/*
+		 * If we already have PTE level mapping for this block,
+		 * we must unmap it to avoid inconsistent TLB state and
+		 * leaking the table page. We could end up in this situation
+		 * if the memory slot was marked for dirty logging and was
+		 * reverted, leaving PTE level mappings for the pages accessed
+		 * during the period. So, unmap the PTE level mapping for this
+		 * block and retry, as we could have released the upper level
+		 * table in the process.
+		 *
+		 * Normal THP split/merge follows mmu_notifier callbacks and do
+		 * get handled accordingly.
+		 */
+		if (!pmd_thp_or_huge(old_pmd)) {
+			unmap_stage2_range(kvm, addr & S2_PMD_MASK, S2_PMD_SIZE);
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Mapping in huge pages should only happen through a
+		 * fault.  If a page is merged into a transparent huge
+		 * page, the individual subpages of that huge page
+		 * should be unmapped through MMU notifiers before we
+		 * get here.
+		 *
+		 * Merging of CompoundPages is not supported; they
+		 * should become splitting first, unmapped, merged,
+		 * and mapped back in on-demand.
+		 */
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(pmd_pfn(old_pmd) != pmd_pfn(*new_pmd));
+		pmd_clear(pmd);
+		kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	} else {
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+	}
+
+	kvm_set_pmd(pmd, *new_pmd);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int stage2_set_pud_huge(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+			       phys_addr_t addr, const pud_t *new_pudp)
+{
+	pud_t *pudp, old_pud;
+
+retry:
+	pudp = stage2_get_pud(kvm, cache, addr);
+	VM_BUG_ON(!pudp);
+
+	old_pud = *pudp;
+
+	/*
+	 * A large number of vcpus faulting on the same stage 2 entry,
+	 * can lead to a refault due to the stage2_pud_clear()/tlb_flush().
+	 * Skip updating the page tables if there is no change.
+	 */
+	if (pud_val(old_pud) == pud_val(*new_pudp))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (stage2_pud_present(kvm, old_pud)) {
+		/*
+		 * If we already have table level mapping for this block, unmap
+		 * the range for this block and retry.
+		 */
+		if (!stage2_pud_huge(kvm, old_pud)) {
+			unmap_stage2_range(kvm, addr & S2_PUD_MASK, S2_PUD_SIZE);
+			goto retry;
+		}
+
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(kvm_pud_pfn(old_pud) != kvm_pud_pfn(*new_pudp));
+		stage2_pud_clear(kvm, pudp);
+		kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	} else {
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pudp));
+	}
+
+	kvm_set_pud(pudp, *new_pudp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * stage2_get_leaf_entry - walk the stage2 VM page tables and return
+ * true if a valid and present leaf-entry is found. A pointer to the
+ * leaf-entry is returned in the appropriate level variable - pudpp,
+ * pmdpp, ptepp.
+ */
+static bool stage2_get_leaf_entry(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t addr,
+				  pud_t **pudpp, pmd_t **pmdpp, pte_t **ptepp)
+{
+	pud_t *pudp;
+	pmd_t *pmdp;
+	pte_t *ptep;
+
+	*pudpp = NULL;
+	*pmdpp = NULL;
+	*ptepp = NULL;
+
+	pudp = stage2_get_pud(kvm, NULL, addr);
+	if (!pudp || stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pudp) || !stage2_pud_present(kvm, *pudp))
+		return false;
+
+	if (stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pudp)) {
+		*pudpp = pudp;
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	pmdp = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pudp, addr);
+	if (!pmdp || pmd_none(*pmdp) || !pmd_present(*pmdp))
+		return false;
+
+	if (pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmdp)) {
+		*pmdpp = pmdp;
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	ptep = pte_offset_kernel(pmdp, addr);
+	if (!ptep || pte_none(*ptep) || !pte_present(*ptep))
+		return false;
+
+	*ptepp = ptep;
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool stage2_is_exec(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	pud_t *pudp;
+	pmd_t *pmdp;
+	pte_t *ptep;
+	bool found;
+
+	found = stage2_get_leaf_entry(kvm, addr, &pudp, &pmdp, &ptep);
+	if (!found)
+		return false;
+
+	if (pudp)
+		return kvm_s2pud_exec(pudp);
+	else if (pmdp)
+		return kvm_s2pmd_exec(pmdp);
+	else
+		return kvm_s2pte_exec(ptep);
+}
+
+static int stage2_set_pte(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+			  phys_addr_t addr, const pte_t *new_pte,
+			  unsigned long flags)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte, old_pte;
+	bool iomap = flags & KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_IS_IOMAP;
+	bool logging_active = flags & KVM_S2_FLAG_LOGGING_ACTIVE;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON(logging_active && !cache);
+
+	/* Create stage-2 page table mapping - Levels 0 and 1 */
+	pud = stage2_get_pud(kvm, cache, addr);
+	if (!pud) {
+		/*
+		 * Ignore calls from kvm_set_spte_hva for unallocated
+		 * address ranges.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * While dirty page logging - dissolve huge PUD, then continue
+	 * on to allocate page.
+	 */
+	if (logging_active)
+		stage2_dissolve_pud(kvm, addr, pud);
+
+	if (stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pud)) {
+		if (!cache)
+			return 0; /* ignore calls from kvm_set_spte_hva */
+		pmd = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(cache);
+		stage2_pud_populate(kvm, pud, pmd);
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pud));
+	}
+
+	pmd = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, addr);
+	if (!pmd) {
+		/*
+		 * Ignore calls from kvm_set_spte_hva for unallocated
+		 * address ranges.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * While dirty page logging - dissolve huge PMD, then continue on to
+	 * allocate page.
+	 */
+	if (logging_active)
+		stage2_dissolve_pmd(kvm, addr, pmd);
+
+	/* Create stage-2 page mappings - Level 2 */
+	if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+		if (!cache)
+			return 0; /* ignore calls from kvm_set_spte_hva */
+		pte = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(cache);
+		kvm_pmd_populate(pmd, pte);
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pmd));
+	}
+
+	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+
+	if (iomap && pte_present(*pte))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	/* Create 2nd stage page table mapping - Level 3 */
+	old_pte = *pte;
+	if (pte_present(old_pte)) {
+		/* Skip page table update if there is no change */
+		if (pte_val(old_pte) == pte_val(*new_pte))
+			return 0;
+
+		kvm_set_pte(pte, __pte(0));
+		kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa(kvm, addr);
+	} else {
+		get_page(virt_to_page(pte));
+	}
+
+	kvm_set_pte(pte, *new_pte);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_TEST_AND_CLEAR_YOUNG
+static int stage2_ptep_test_and_clear_young(pte_t *pte)
+{
+	if (pte_young(*pte)) {
+		*pte = pte_mkold(*pte);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#else
+static int stage2_ptep_test_and_clear_young(pte_t *pte)
+{
+	return __ptep_test_and_clear_young(pte);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int stage2_pmdp_test_and_clear_young(pmd_t *pmd)
+{
+	return stage2_ptep_test_and_clear_young((pte_t *)pmd);
+}
+
+static int stage2_pudp_test_and_clear_young(pud_t *pud)
+{
+	return stage2_ptep_test_and_clear_young((pte_t *)pud);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_phys_addr_ioremap - map a device range to guest IPA
+ *
+ * @kvm:	The KVM pointer
+ * @guest_ipa:	The IPA at which to insert the mapping
+ * @pa:		The physical address of the device
+ * @size:	The size of the mapping
+ */
+int kvm_phys_addr_ioremap(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t guest_ipa,
+			  phys_addr_t pa, unsigned long size, bool writable)
+{
+	phys_addr_t addr, end;
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned long pfn;
+	struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache cache = { 0, };
+
+	end = (guest_ipa + size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
+	pfn = __phys_to_pfn(pa);
+
+	for (addr = guest_ipa; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
+		pte_t pte = kvm_pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_S2_DEVICE);
+
+		if (writable)
+			pte = kvm_s2pte_mkwrite(pte);
+
+		ret = mmu_topup_memory_cache(&cache,
+					     kvm_mmu_cache_min_pages(kvm),
+					     KVM_NR_MEM_OBJS);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+		spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+		ret = stage2_set_pte(kvm, &cache, addr, &pte,
+						KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_IS_IOMAP);
+		spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+
+		pfn++;
+	}
+
+out:
+	mmu_free_memory_cache(&cache);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_wp_ptes - write protect PMD range
+ * @pmd:	pointer to pmd entry
+ * @addr:	range start address
+ * @end:	range end address
+ */
+static void stage2_wp_ptes(pmd_t *pmd, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pte_t *pte;
+
+	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+	do {
+		if (!pte_none(*pte)) {
+			if (!kvm_s2pte_readonly(pte))
+				kvm_set_s2pte_readonly(pte);
+		}
+	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_wp_pmds - write protect PUD range
+ * kvm:		kvm instance for the VM
+ * @pud:	pointer to pud entry
+ * @addr:	range start address
+ * @end:	range end address
+ */
+static void stage2_wp_pmds(struct kvm *kvm, pud_t *pud,
+			   phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	pmd = stage2_pmd_offset(kvm, pud, addr);
+
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pmd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+			if (pmd_thp_or_huge(*pmd)) {
+				if (!kvm_s2pmd_readonly(pmd))
+					kvm_set_s2pmd_readonly(pmd);
+			} else {
+				stage2_wp_ptes(pmd, addr, next);
+			}
+		}
+	} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_wp_puds - write protect P4D range
+ * @pgd:	pointer to pgd entry
+ * @addr:	range start address
+ * @end:	range end address
+ */
+static void  stage2_wp_puds(struct kvm *kvm, p4d_t *p4d,
+			    phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	pud = stage2_pud_offset(kvm, p4d, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_pud_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_pud_none(kvm, *pud)) {
+			if (stage2_pud_huge(kvm, *pud)) {
+				if (!kvm_s2pud_readonly(pud))
+					kvm_set_s2pud_readonly(pud);
+			} else {
+				stage2_wp_pmds(kvm, pud, addr, next);
+			}
+		}
+	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_wp_p4ds - write protect PGD range
+ * @pgd:	pointer to pgd entry
+ * @addr:	range start address
+ * @end:	range end address
+ */
+static void  stage2_wp_p4ds(struct kvm *kvm, pgd_t *pgd,
+			    phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	p4d = stage2_p4d_offset(kvm, pgd, addr);
+	do {
+		next = stage2_p4d_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (!stage2_p4d_none(kvm, *p4d))
+			stage2_wp_puds(kvm, p4d, addr, next);
+	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * stage2_wp_range() - write protect stage2 memory region range
+ * @kvm:	The KVM pointer
+ * @addr:	Start address of range
+ * @end:	End address of range
+ */
+static void stage2_wp_range(struct kvm *kvm, phys_addr_t addr, phys_addr_t end)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	phys_addr_t next;
+
+	pgd = kvm->arch.pgd + stage2_pgd_index(kvm, addr);
+	do {
+		/*
+		 * Release kvm_mmu_lock periodically if the memory region is
+		 * large. Otherwise, we may see kernel panics with
+		 * CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK, CONFIG_LOCKUP_DETECTOR,
+		 * CONFIG_LOCKDEP. Additionally, holding the lock too long
+		 * will also starve other vCPUs. We have to also make sure
+		 * that the page tables are not freed while we released
+		 * the lock.
+		 */
+		cond_resched_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+		if (!READ_ONCE(kvm->arch.pgd))
+			break;
+		next = stage2_pgd_addr_end(kvm, addr, end);
+		if (stage2_pgd_present(kvm, *pgd))
+			stage2_wp_p4ds(kvm, pgd, addr, next);
+	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_mmu_wp_memory_region() - write protect stage 2 entries for memory slot
+ * @kvm:	The KVM pointer
+ * @slot:	The memory slot to write protect
+ *
+ * Called to start logging dirty pages after memory region
+ * KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES operation is called. After this function returns
+ * all present PUD, PMD and PTEs are write protected in the memory region.
+ * Afterwards read of dirty page log can be called.
+ *
+ * Acquires kvm_mmu_lock. Called with kvm->slots_lock mutex acquired,
+ * serializing operations for VM memory regions.
+ */
+void kvm_mmu_wp_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm, int slot)
+{
+	struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_memslots(kvm);
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot = id_to_memslot(slots, slot);
+	phys_addr_t start, end;
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!memslot))
+		return;
+
+	start = memslot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	end = (memslot->base_gfn + memslot->npages) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	stage2_wp_range(kvm, start, end);
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_mmu_write_protect_pt_masked() - write protect dirty pages
+ * @kvm:	The KVM pointer
+ * @slot:	The memory slot associated with mask
+ * @gfn_offset:	The gfn offset in memory slot
+ * @mask:	The mask of dirty pages at offset 'gfn_offset' in this memory
+ *		slot to be write protected
+ *
+ * Walks bits set in mask write protects the associated pte's. Caller must
+ * acquire kvm_mmu_lock.
+ */
+static void kvm_mmu_write_protect_pt_masked(struct kvm *kvm,
+		struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+		gfn_t gfn_offset, unsigned long mask)
+{
+	phys_addr_t base_gfn = slot->base_gfn + gfn_offset;
+	phys_addr_t start = (base_gfn +  __ffs(mask)) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	phys_addr_t end = (base_gfn + __fls(mask) + 1) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	stage2_wp_range(kvm, start, end);
+}
+
+/*
+ * kvm_arch_mmu_enable_log_dirty_pt_masked - enable dirty logging for selected
+ * dirty pages.
+ *
+ * It calls kvm_mmu_write_protect_pt_masked to write protect selected pages to
+ * enable dirty logging for them.
+ */
+void kvm_arch_mmu_enable_log_dirty_pt_masked(struct kvm *kvm,
+		struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+		gfn_t gfn_offset, unsigned long mask)
+{
+	kvm_mmu_write_protect_pt_masked(kvm, slot, gfn_offset, mask);
+}
+
+static void clean_dcache_guest_page(kvm_pfn_t pfn, unsigned long size)
+{
+	__clean_dcache_guest_page(pfn, size);
+}
+
+static void invalidate_icache_guest_page(kvm_pfn_t pfn, unsigned long size)
+{
+	__invalidate_icache_guest_page(pfn, size);
+}
+
+static void kvm_send_hwpoison_signal(unsigned long address, short lsb)
+{
+	send_sig_mceerr(BUS_MCEERR_AR, (void __user *)address, lsb, current);
+}
+
+static bool fault_supports_stage2_huge_mapping(struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
+					       unsigned long hva,
+					       unsigned long map_size)
+{
+	gpa_t gpa_start;
+	hva_t uaddr_start, uaddr_end;
+	size_t size;
+
+	/* The memslot and the VMA are guaranteed to be aligned to PAGE_SIZE */
+	if (map_size == PAGE_SIZE)
+		return true;
+
+	size = memslot->npages * PAGE_SIZE;
+
+	gpa_start = memslot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	uaddr_start = memslot->userspace_addr;
+	uaddr_end = uaddr_start + size;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pages belonging to memslots that don't have the same alignment
+	 * within a PMD/PUD for userspace and IPA cannot be mapped with stage-2
+	 * PMD/PUD entries, because we'll end up mapping the wrong pages.
+	 *
+	 * Consider a layout like the following:
+	 *
+	 *    memslot->userspace_addr:
+	 *    +-----+--------------------+--------------------+---+
+	 *    |abcde|fgh  Stage-1 block  |    Stage-1 block tv|xyz|
+	 *    +-----+--------------------+--------------------+---+
+	 *
+	 *    memslot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT:
+	 *      +---+--------------------+--------------------+-----+
+	 *      |abc|def  Stage-2 block  |    Stage-2 block   |tvxyz|
+	 *      +---+--------------------+--------------------+-----+
+	 *
+	 * If we create those stage-2 blocks, we'll end up with this incorrect
+	 * mapping:
+	 *   d -> f
+	 *   e -> g
+	 *   f -> h
+	 */
+	if ((gpa_start & (map_size - 1)) != (uaddr_start & (map_size - 1)))
+		return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Next, let's make sure we're not trying to map anything not covered
+	 * by the memslot. This means we have to prohibit block size mappings
+	 * for the beginning and end of a non-block aligned and non-block sized
+	 * memory slot (illustrated by the head and tail parts of the
+	 * userspace view above containing pages 'abcde' and 'xyz',
+	 * respectively).
+	 *
+	 * Note that it doesn't matter if we do the check using the
+	 * userspace_addr or the base_gfn, as both are equally aligned (per
+	 * the check above) and equally sized.
+	 */
+	return (hva & ~(map_size - 1)) >= uaddr_start &&
+	       (hva & ~(map_size - 1)) + map_size <= uaddr_end;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the given hva is backed by a transparent huge page (THP) and
+ * whether it can be mapped using block mapping in stage2. If so, adjust
+ * the stage2 PFN and IPA accordingly. Only PMD_SIZE THPs are currently
+ * supported. This will need to be updated to support other THP sizes.
+ *
+ * Returns the size of the mapping.
+ */
+static unsigned long
+transparent_hugepage_adjust(struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
+			    unsigned long hva, kvm_pfn_t *pfnp,
+			    phys_addr_t *ipap)
+{
+	kvm_pfn_t pfn = *pfnp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure the adjustment is done only for THP pages. Also make
+	 * sure that the HVA and IPA are sufficiently aligned and that the
+	 * block map is contained within the memslot.
+	 */
+	if (kvm_is_transparent_hugepage(pfn) &&
+	    fault_supports_stage2_huge_mapping(memslot, hva, PMD_SIZE)) {
+		/*
+		 * The address we faulted on is backed by a transparent huge
+		 * page.  However, because we map the compound huge page and
+		 * not the individual tail page, we need to transfer the
+		 * refcount to the head page.  We have to be careful that the
+		 * THP doesn't start to split while we are adjusting the
+		 * refcounts.
+		 *
+		 * We are sure this doesn't happen, because mmu_notifier_retry
+		 * was successful and we are holding the mmu_lock, so if this
+		 * THP is trying to split, it will be blocked in the mmu
+		 * notifier before touching any of the pages, specifically
+		 * before being able to call __split_huge_page_refcount().
+		 *
+		 * We can therefore safely transfer the refcount from PG_tail
+		 * to PG_head and switch the pfn from a tail page to the head
+		 * page accordingly.
+		 */
+		*ipap &= PMD_MASK;
+		kvm_release_pfn_clean(pfn);
+		pfn &= ~(PTRS_PER_PMD - 1);
+		kvm_get_pfn(pfn);
+		*pfnp = pfn;
+
+		return PMD_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* Use page mapping if we cannot use block mapping. */
+	return PAGE_SIZE;
+}
+
+static int user_mem_abort(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, phys_addr_t fault_ipa,
+			  struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot, unsigned long hva,
+			  unsigned long fault_status)
+{
+	int ret;
+	bool write_fault, writable, force_pte = false;
+	bool exec_fault, needs_exec;
+	unsigned long mmu_seq;
+	gfn_t gfn = fault_ipa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	struct kvm *kvm = vcpu->kvm;
+	struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *memcache = &vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache;
+	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	short vma_shift;
+	kvm_pfn_t pfn;
+	pgprot_t mem_type = PAGE_S2;
+	bool logging_active = memslot_is_logging(memslot);
+	unsigned long vma_pagesize, flags = 0;
+
+	write_fault = kvm_is_write_fault(vcpu);
+	exec_fault = kvm_vcpu_trap_is_iabt(vcpu);
+	VM_BUG_ON(write_fault && exec_fault);
+
+	if (fault_status == FSC_PERM && !write_fault && !exec_fault) {
+		kvm_err("Unexpected L2 read permission error\n");
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	/* Let's check if we will get back a huge page backed by hugetlbfs */
+	mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
+	vma = find_vma_intersection(current->mm, hva, hva + 1);
+	if (unlikely(!vma)) {
+		kvm_err("Failed to find VMA for hva 0x%lx\n", hva);
+		mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
+		vma_shift = huge_page_shift(hstate_vma(vma));
+	else
+		vma_shift = PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	vma_pagesize = 1ULL << vma_shift;
+	if (logging_active ||
+	    (vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) ||
+	    !fault_supports_stage2_huge_mapping(memslot, hva, vma_pagesize)) {
+		force_pte = true;
+		vma_pagesize = PAGE_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The stage2 has a minimum of 2 level table (For arm64 see
+	 * kvm_arm_setup_stage2()). Hence, we are guaranteed that we can
+	 * use PMD_SIZE huge mappings (even when the PMD is folded into PGD).
+	 * As for PUD huge maps, we must make sure that we have at least
+	 * 3 levels, i.e, PMD is not folded.
+	 */
+	if (vma_pagesize == PMD_SIZE ||
+	    (vma_pagesize == PUD_SIZE && kvm_stage2_has_pmd(kvm)))
+		gfn = (fault_ipa & huge_page_mask(hstate_vma(vma))) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+
+	/* We need minimum second+third level pages */
+	ret = mmu_topup_memory_cache(memcache, kvm_mmu_cache_min_pages(kvm),
+				     KVM_NR_MEM_OBJS);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	mmu_seq = vcpu->kvm->mmu_notifier_seq;
+	/*
+	 * Ensure the read of mmu_notifier_seq happens before we call
+	 * gfn_to_pfn_prot (which calls get_user_pages), so that we don't risk
+	 * the page we just got a reference to gets unmapped before we have a
+	 * chance to grab the mmu_lock, which ensure that if the page gets
+	 * unmapped afterwards, the call to kvm_unmap_hva will take it away
+	 * from us again properly. This smp_rmb() interacts with the smp_wmb()
+	 * in kvm_mmu_notifier_invalidate_<page|range_end>.
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+
+	pfn = gfn_to_pfn_prot(kvm, gfn, write_fault, &writable);
+	if (pfn == KVM_PFN_ERR_HWPOISON) {
+		kvm_send_hwpoison_signal(hva, vma_shift);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (is_error_noslot_pfn(pfn))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	if (kvm_is_device_pfn(pfn)) {
+		mem_type = PAGE_S2_DEVICE;
+		flags |= KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_IS_IOMAP;
+	} else if (logging_active) {
+		/*
+		 * Faults on pages in a memslot with logging enabled
+		 * should not be mapped with huge pages (it introduces churn
+		 * and performance degradation), so force a pte mapping.
+		 */
+		flags |= KVM_S2_FLAG_LOGGING_ACTIVE;
+
+		/*
+		 * Only actually map the page as writable if this was a write
+		 * fault.
+		 */
+		if (!write_fault)
+			writable = false;
+	}
+
+	if (exec_fault && is_iomap(flags))
+		return -ENOEXEC;
+
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	if (mmu_notifier_retry(kvm, mmu_seq))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are not forced to use page mapping, check if we are
+	 * backed by a THP and thus use block mapping if possible.
+	 */
+	if (vma_pagesize == PAGE_SIZE && !force_pte)
+		vma_pagesize = transparent_hugepage_adjust(memslot, hva,
+							   &pfn, &fault_ipa);
+	if (writable)
+		kvm_set_pfn_dirty(pfn);
+
+	if (fault_status != FSC_PERM && !is_iomap(flags))
+		clean_dcache_guest_page(pfn, vma_pagesize);
+
+	if (exec_fault)
+		invalidate_icache_guest_page(pfn, vma_pagesize);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we took an execution fault we have made the
+	 * icache/dcache coherent above and should now let the s2
+	 * mapping be executable.
+	 *
+	 * Write faults (!exec_fault && FSC_PERM) are orthogonal to
+	 * execute permissions, and we preserve whatever we have.
+	 */
+	needs_exec = exec_fault ||
+		(fault_status == FSC_PERM && stage2_is_exec(kvm, fault_ipa));
+
+	if (vma_pagesize == PUD_SIZE) {
+		pud_t new_pud = kvm_pfn_pud(pfn, mem_type);
+
+		new_pud = kvm_pud_mkhuge(new_pud);
+		if (writable)
+			new_pud = kvm_s2pud_mkwrite(new_pud);
+
+		if (needs_exec)
+			new_pud = kvm_s2pud_mkexec(new_pud);
+
+		ret = stage2_set_pud_huge(kvm, memcache, fault_ipa, &new_pud);
+	} else if (vma_pagesize == PMD_SIZE) {
+		pmd_t new_pmd = kvm_pfn_pmd(pfn, mem_type);
+
+		new_pmd = kvm_pmd_mkhuge(new_pmd);
+
+		if (writable)
+			new_pmd = kvm_s2pmd_mkwrite(new_pmd);
+
+		if (needs_exec)
+			new_pmd = kvm_s2pmd_mkexec(new_pmd);
+
+		ret = stage2_set_pmd_huge(kvm, memcache, fault_ipa, &new_pmd);
+	} else {
+		pte_t new_pte = kvm_pfn_pte(pfn, mem_type);
+
+		if (writable) {
+			new_pte = kvm_s2pte_mkwrite(new_pte);
+			mark_page_dirty(kvm, gfn);
+		}
+
+		if (needs_exec)
+			new_pte = kvm_s2pte_mkexec(new_pte);
+
+		ret = stage2_set_pte(kvm, memcache, fault_ipa, &new_pte, flags);
+	}
+
+out_unlock:
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	kvm_set_pfn_accessed(pfn);
+	kvm_release_pfn_clean(pfn);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Resolve the access fault by making the page young again.
+ * Note that because the faulting entry is guaranteed not to be
+ * cached in the TLB, we don't need to invalidate anything.
+ * Only the HW Access Flag updates are supported for Stage 2 (no DBM),
+ * so there is no need for atomic (pte|pmd)_mkyoung operations.
+ */
+static void handle_access_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, phys_addr_t fault_ipa)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte;
+	kvm_pfn_t pfn;
+	bool pfn_valid = false;
+
+	trace_kvm_access_fault(fault_ipa);
+
+	spin_lock(&vcpu->kvm->mmu_lock);
+
+	if (!stage2_get_leaf_entry(vcpu->kvm, fault_ipa, &pud, &pmd, &pte))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (pud) {		/* HugeTLB */
+		*pud = kvm_s2pud_mkyoung(*pud);
+		pfn = kvm_pud_pfn(*pud);
+		pfn_valid = true;
+	} else	if (pmd) {	/* THP, HugeTLB */
+		*pmd = pmd_mkyoung(*pmd);
+		pfn = pmd_pfn(*pmd);
+		pfn_valid = true;
+	} else {
+		*pte = pte_mkyoung(*pte);	/* Just a page... */
+		pfn = pte_pfn(*pte);
+		pfn_valid = true;
+	}
+
+out:
+	spin_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->mmu_lock);
+	if (pfn_valid)
+		kvm_set_pfn_accessed(pfn);
+}
+
+/**
+ * kvm_handle_guest_abort - handles all 2nd stage aborts
+ * @vcpu:	the VCPU pointer
+ * @run:	the kvm_run structure
+ *
+ * Any abort that gets to the host is almost guaranteed to be caused by a
+ * missing second stage translation table entry, which can mean that either the
+ * guest simply needs more memory and we must allocate an appropriate page or it
+ * can mean that the guest tried to access I/O memory, which is emulated by user
+ * space. The distinction is based on the IPA causing the fault and whether this
+ * memory region has been registered as standard RAM by user space.
+ */
+int kvm_handle_guest_abort(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_run *run)
+{
+	unsigned long fault_status;
+	phys_addr_t fault_ipa;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
+	unsigned long hva;
+	bool is_iabt, write_fault, writable;
+	gfn_t gfn;
+	int ret, idx;
+
+	fault_status = kvm_vcpu_trap_get_fault_type(vcpu);
+
+	fault_ipa = kvm_vcpu_get_fault_ipa(vcpu);
+	is_iabt = kvm_vcpu_trap_is_iabt(vcpu);
+
+	/* Synchronous External Abort? */
+	if (kvm_vcpu_dabt_isextabt(vcpu)) {
+		/*
+		 * For RAS the host kernel may handle this abort.
+		 * There is no need to pass the error into the guest.
+		 */
+		if (!kvm_handle_guest_sea(fault_ipa, kvm_vcpu_get_hsr(vcpu)))
+			return 1;
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_iabt)) {
+			kvm_inject_vabt(vcpu);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	trace_kvm_guest_fault(*vcpu_pc(vcpu), kvm_vcpu_get_hsr(vcpu),
+			      kvm_vcpu_get_hfar(vcpu), fault_ipa);
+
+	/* Check the stage-2 fault is trans. fault or write fault */
+	if (fault_status != FSC_FAULT && fault_status != FSC_PERM &&
+	    fault_status != FSC_ACCESS) {
+		kvm_err("Unsupported FSC: EC=%#x xFSC=%#lx ESR_EL2=%#lx\n",
+			kvm_vcpu_trap_get_class(vcpu),
+			(unsigned long)kvm_vcpu_trap_get_fault(vcpu),
+			(unsigned long)kvm_vcpu_get_hsr(vcpu));
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
+
+	gfn = fault_ipa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	memslot = gfn_to_memslot(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+	hva = gfn_to_hva_memslot_prot(memslot, gfn, &writable);
+	write_fault = kvm_is_write_fault(vcpu);
+	if (kvm_is_error_hva(hva) || (write_fault && !writable)) {
+		if (is_iabt) {
+			/* Prefetch Abort on I/O address */
+			ret = -ENOEXEC;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Check for a cache maintenance operation. Since we
+		 * ended-up here, we know it is outside of any memory
+		 * slot. But we can't find out if that is for a device,
+		 * or if the guest is just being stupid. The only thing
+		 * we know for sure is that this range cannot be cached.
+		 *
+		 * So let's assume that the guest is just being
+		 * cautious, and skip the instruction.
+		 */
+		if (kvm_vcpu_dabt_is_cm(vcpu)) {
+			kvm_skip_instr(vcpu, kvm_vcpu_trap_il_is32bit(vcpu));
+			ret = 1;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * The IPA is reported as [MAX:12], so we need to
+		 * complement it with the bottom 12 bits from the
+		 * faulting VA. This is always 12 bits, irrespective
+		 * of the page size.
+		 */
+		fault_ipa |= kvm_vcpu_get_hfar(vcpu) & ((1 << 12) - 1);
+		ret = io_mem_abort(vcpu, run, fault_ipa);
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/* Userspace should not be able to register out-of-bounds IPAs */
+	VM_BUG_ON(fault_ipa >= kvm_phys_size(vcpu->kvm));
+
+	if (fault_status == FSC_ACCESS) {
+		handle_access_fault(vcpu, fault_ipa);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	ret = user_mem_abort(vcpu, fault_ipa, memslot, hva, fault_status);
+	if (ret == 0)
+		ret = 1;
+out:
+	if (ret == -ENOEXEC) {
+		kvm_inject_pabt(vcpu, kvm_vcpu_get_hfar(vcpu));
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+out_unlock:
+	srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, idx);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int handle_hva_to_gpa(struct kvm *kvm,
+			     unsigned long start,
+			     unsigned long end,
+			     int (*handler)(struct kvm *kvm,
+					    gpa_t gpa, u64 size,
+					    void *data),
+			     void *data)
+{
+	struct kvm_memslots *slots;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	slots = kvm_memslots(kvm);
+
+	/* we only care about the pages that the guest sees */
+	kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots) {
+		unsigned long hva_start, hva_end;
+		gfn_t gpa;
+
+		hva_start = max(start, memslot->userspace_addr);
+		hva_end = min(end, memslot->userspace_addr +
+					(memslot->npages << PAGE_SHIFT));
+		if (hva_start >= hva_end)
+			continue;
+
+		gpa = hva_to_gfn_memslot(hva_start, memslot) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+		ret |= handler(kvm, gpa, (u64)(hva_end - hva_start), data);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int kvm_unmap_hva_handler(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, u64 size, void *data)
+{
+	unmap_stage2_range(kvm, gpa, size);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int kvm_unmap_hva_range(struct kvm *kvm,
+			unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	if (!kvm->arch.pgd)
+		return 0;
+
+	trace_kvm_unmap_hva_range(start, end);
+	handle_hva_to_gpa(kvm, start, end, &kvm_unmap_hva_handler, NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int kvm_set_spte_handler(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, u64 size, void *data)
+{
+	pte_t *pte = (pte_t *)data;
+
+	WARN_ON(size != PAGE_SIZE);
+	/*
+	 * We can always call stage2_set_pte with KVM_S2PTE_FLAG_LOGGING_ACTIVE
+	 * flag clear because MMU notifiers will have unmapped a huge PMD before
+	 * calling ->change_pte() (which in turn calls kvm_set_spte_hva()) and
+	 * therefore stage2_set_pte() never needs to clear out a huge PMD
+	 * through this calling path.
+	 */
+	stage2_set_pte(kvm, NULL, gpa, pte, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int kvm_set_spte_hva(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long hva, pte_t pte)
+{
+	unsigned long end = hva + PAGE_SIZE;
+	kvm_pfn_t pfn = pte_pfn(pte);
+	pte_t stage2_pte;
+
+	if (!kvm->arch.pgd)
+		return 0;
+
+	trace_kvm_set_spte_hva(hva);
+
+	/*
+	 * We've moved a page around, probably through CoW, so let's treat it
+	 * just like a translation fault and clean the cache to the PoC.
+	 */
+	clean_dcache_guest_page(pfn, PAGE_SIZE);
+	stage2_pte = kvm_pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_S2);
+	handle_hva_to_gpa(kvm, hva, end, &kvm_set_spte_handler, &stage2_pte);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int kvm_age_hva_handler(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, u64 size, void *data)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte;
+
+	WARN_ON(size != PAGE_SIZE && size != PMD_SIZE && size != PUD_SIZE);
+	if (!stage2_get_leaf_entry(kvm, gpa, &pud, &pmd, &pte))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (pud)
+		return stage2_pudp_test_and_clear_young(pud);
+	else if (pmd)
+		return stage2_pmdp_test_and_clear_young(pmd);
+	else
+		return stage2_ptep_test_and_clear_young(pte);
+}
+
+static int kvm_test_age_hva_handler(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, u64 size, void *data)
+{
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte;
+
+	WARN_ON(size != PAGE_SIZE && size != PMD_SIZE && size != PUD_SIZE);
+	if (!stage2_get_leaf_entry(kvm, gpa, &pud, &pmd, &pte))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (pud)
+		return kvm_s2pud_young(*pud);
+	else if (pmd)
+		return pmd_young(*pmd);
+	else
+		return pte_young(*pte);
+}
+
+int kvm_age_hva(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	if (!kvm->arch.pgd)
+		return 0;
+	trace_kvm_age_hva(start, end);
+	return handle_hva_to_gpa(kvm, start, end, kvm_age_hva_handler, NULL);
+}
+
+int kvm_test_age_hva(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long hva)
+{
+	if (!kvm->arch.pgd)
+		return 0;
+	trace_kvm_test_age_hva(hva);
+	return handle_hva_to_gpa(kvm, hva, hva + PAGE_SIZE,
+				 kvm_test_age_hva_handler, NULL);
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_free_memory_caches(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	mmu_free_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache);
+}
+
+phys_addr_t kvm_mmu_get_httbr(void)
+{
+	if (__kvm_cpu_uses_extended_idmap())
+		return virt_to_phys(merged_hyp_pgd);
+	else
+		return virt_to_phys(hyp_pgd);
+}
+
+phys_addr_t kvm_get_idmap_vector(void)
+{
+	return hyp_idmap_vector;
+}
+
+static int kvm_map_idmap_text(pgd_t *pgd)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* Create the idmap in the boot page tables */
+	err = 	__create_hyp_mappings(pgd, __kvm_idmap_ptrs_per_pgd(),
+				      hyp_idmap_start, hyp_idmap_end,
+				      __phys_to_pfn(hyp_idmap_start),
+				      PAGE_HYP_EXEC);
+	if (err)
+		kvm_err("Failed to idmap %lx-%lx\n",
+			hyp_idmap_start, hyp_idmap_end);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	hyp_idmap_start = __pa_symbol(__hyp_idmap_text_start);
+	hyp_idmap_start = ALIGN_DOWN(hyp_idmap_start, PAGE_SIZE);
+	hyp_idmap_end = __pa_symbol(__hyp_idmap_text_end);
+	hyp_idmap_end = ALIGN(hyp_idmap_end, PAGE_SIZE);
+	hyp_idmap_vector = __pa_symbol(__kvm_hyp_init);
+
+	/*
+	 * We rely on the linker script to ensure at build time that the HYP
+	 * init code does not cross a page boundary.
+	 */
+	BUG_ON((hyp_idmap_start ^ (hyp_idmap_end - 1)) & PAGE_MASK);
+
+	kvm_debug("IDMAP page: %lx\n", hyp_idmap_start);
+	kvm_debug("HYP VA range: %lx:%lx\n",
+		  kern_hyp_va(PAGE_OFFSET),
+		  kern_hyp_va((unsigned long)high_memory - 1));
+
+	if (hyp_idmap_start >= kern_hyp_va(PAGE_OFFSET) &&
+	    hyp_idmap_start <  kern_hyp_va((unsigned long)high_memory - 1) &&
+	    hyp_idmap_start != (unsigned long)__hyp_idmap_text_start) {
+		/*
+		 * The idmap page is intersecting with the VA space,
+		 * it is not safe to continue further.
+		 */
+		kvm_err("IDMAP intersecting with HYP VA, unable to continue\n");
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	hyp_pgd = (pgd_t *)__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, hyp_pgd_order);
+	if (!hyp_pgd) {
+		kvm_err("Hyp mode PGD not allocated\n");
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (__kvm_cpu_uses_extended_idmap()) {
+		boot_hyp_pgd = (pgd_t *)__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
+							 hyp_pgd_order);
+		if (!boot_hyp_pgd) {
+			kvm_err("Hyp boot PGD not allocated\n");
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		err = kvm_map_idmap_text(boot_hyp_pgd);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+
+		merged_hyp_pgd = (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
+		if (!merged_hyp_pgd) {
+			kvm_err("Failed to allocate extra HYP pgd\n");
+			goto out;
+		}
+		__kvm_extend_hypmap(boot_hyp_pgd, hyp_pgd, merged_hyp_pgd,
+				    hyp_idmap_start);
+	} else {
+		err = kvm_map_idmap_text(hyp_pgd);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_map_base = hyp_idmap_start;
+	return 0;
+out:
+	free_hyp_pgds();
+	return err;
+}
+
+void kvm_arch_commit_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm,
+				   const struct kvm_userspace_memory_region *mem,
+				   struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+				   const struct kvm_memory_slot *new,
+				   enum kvm_mr_change change)
+{
+	/*
+	 * At this point memslot has been committed and there is an
+	 * allocated dirty_bitmap[], dirty pages will be tracked while the
+	 * memory slot is write protected.
+	 */
+	if (change != KVM_MR_DELETE && mem->flags & KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES) {
+		/*
+		 * If we're with initial-all-set, we don't need to write
+		 * protect any pages because they're all reported as dirty.
+		 * Huge pages and normal pages will be write protect gradually.
+		 */
+		if (!kvm_dirty_log_manual_protect_and_init_set(kvm)) {
+			kvm_mmu_wp_memory_region(kvm, mem->slot);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int kvm_arch_prepare_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm,
+				   struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
+				   const struct kvm_userspace_memory_region *mem,
+				   enum kvm_mr_change change)
+{
+	hva_t hva = mem->userspace_addr;
+	hva_t reg_end = hva + mem->memory_size;
+	bool writable = !(mem->flags & KVM_MEM_READONLY);
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (change != KVM_MR_CREATE && change != KVM_MR_MOVE &&
+			change != KVM_MR_FLAGS_ONLY)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Prevent userspace from creating a memory region outside of the IPA
+	 * space addressable by the KVM guest IPA space.
+	 */
+	if (memslot->base_gfn + memslot->npages >=
+	    (kvm_phys_size(kvm) >> PAGE_SHIFT))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
+	/*
+	 * A memory region could potentially cover multiple VMAs, and any holes
+	 * between them, so iterate over all of them to find out if we can map
+	 * any of them right now.
+	 *
+	 *     +--------------------------------------------+
+	 * +---------------+----------------+   +----------------+
+	 * |   : VMA 1     |      VMA 2     |   |    VMA 3  :    |
+	 * +---------------+----------------+   +----------------+
+	 *     |               memory region                |
+	 *     +--------------------------------------------+
+	 */
+	do {
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(current->mm, hva);
+		hva_t vm_start, vm_end;
+
+		if (!vma || vma->vm_start >= reg_end)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * Take the intersection of this VMA with the memory region
+		 */
+		vm_start = max(hva, vma->vm_start);
+		vm_end = min(reg_end, vma->vm_end);
+
+		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) {
+			gpa_t gpa = mem->guest_phys_addr +
+				    (vm_start - mem->userspace_addr);
+			phys_addr_t pa;
+
+			pa = (phys_addr_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+			pa += vm_start - vma->vm_start;
+
+			/* IO region dirty page logging not allowed */
+			if (memslot->flags & KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+
+			ret = kvm_phys_addr_ioremap(kvm, gpa, pa,
+						    vm_end - vm_start,
+						    writable);
+			if (ret)
+				break;
+		}
+		hva = vm_end;
+	} while (hva < reg_end);
+
+	if (change == KVM_MR_FLAGS_ONLY)
+		goto out;
+
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	if (ret)
+		unmap_stage2_range(kvm, mem->guest_phys_addr, mem->memory_size);
+	else
+		stage2_flush_memslot(kvm, memslot);
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+out:
+	mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void kvm_arch_free_memslot(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
+{
+}
+
+void kvm_arch_memslots_updated(struct kvm *kvm, u64 gen)
+{
+}
+
+void kvm_arch_flush_shadow_all(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	kvm_free_stage2_pgd(kvm);
+}
+
+void kvm_arch_flush_shadow_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+				   struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
+{
+	gpa_t gpa = slot->base_gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	phys_addr_t size = slot->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+	unmap_stage2_range(kvm, gpa, size);
+	spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * See note at ARMv7 ARM B1.14.4 (TL;DR: S/W ops are not easily virtualized).
+ *
+ * Main problems:
+ * - S/W ops are local to a CPU (not broadcast)
+ * - We have line migration behind our back (speculation)
+ * - System caches don't support S/W at all (damn!)
+ *
+ * In the face of the above, the best we can do is to try and convert
+ * S/W ops to VA ops. Because the guest is not allowed to infer the
+ * S/W to PA mapping, it can only use S/W to nuke the whole cache,
+ * which is a rather good thing for us.
+ *
+ * Also, it is only used when turning caches on/off ("The expected
+ * usage of the cache maintenance instructions that operate by set/way
+ * is associated with the cache maintenance instructions associated
+ * with the powerdown and powerup of caches, if this is required by
+ * the implementation.").
+ *
+ * We use the following policy:
+ *
+ * - If we trap a S/W operation, we enable VM trapping to detect
+ *   caches being turned on/off, and do a full clean.
+ *
+ * - We flush the caches on both caches being turned on and off.
+ *
+ * - Once the caches are enabled, we stop trapping VM ops.
+ */
+void kvm_set_way_flush(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	unsigned long hcr = *vcpu_hcr(vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * If this is the first time we do a S/W operation
+	 * (i.e. HCR_TVM not set) flush the whole memory, and set the
+	 * VM trapping.
+	 *
+	 * Otherwise, rely on the VM trapping to wait for the MMU +
+	 * Caches to be turned off. At that point, we'll be able to
+	 * clean the caches again.
+	 */
+	if (!(hcr & HCR_TVM)) {
+		trace_kvm_set_way_flush(*vcpu_pc(vcpu),
+					vcpu_has_cache_enabled(vcpu));
+		stage2_flush_vm(vcpu->kvm);
+		*vcpu_hcr(vcpu) = hcr | HCR_TVM;
+	}
+}
+
+void kvm_toggle_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool was_enabled)
+{
+	bool now_enabled = vcpu_has_cache_enabled(vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * If switching the MMU+caches on, need to invalidate the caches.
+	 * If switching it off, need to clean the caches.
+	 * Clean + invalidate does the trick always.
+	 */
+	if (now_enabled != was_enabled)
+		stage2_flush_vm(vcpu->kvm);
+
+	/* Caches are now on, stop trapping VM ops (until a S/W op) */
+	if (now_enabled)
+		*vcpu_hcr(vcpu) &= ~HCR_TVM;
+
+	trace_kvm_toggle_cache(*vcpu_pc(vcpu), was_enabled, now_enabled);
+}